part 2 shoulder

Question 1

Acromion belongs to ________

Answer 1

scaupla

Question 2

name the two joints related to clavicle

Answer 2

acromioclavicular joint

sternoclavicular joint

Question 3

Name the ligaments in the pectoral girdle

Answer 3

acromioclavicular ligament
coracoacromial ligament
coracoclavicular ligament

Question 4

Shoulder droop may be due to dislocation of which joint?

Answer 4

acromioclavicular joint
+ breakage of coracoclavicular ligament
dislocation can be direct or indirect

Question 5

Movement of scapular

Answer 5

upward rotation (Serratus anterior + trapezius (SAT) )
downward rotation (rhomboids + levator scapulae)
protraction (serratus anterior)
retraction
elevation (trapezius)
depression

Question 6

Serratus anterior

Answer 6

from ribs to anterior medial border of the scapular
protraction and upward rotation of scapular
keep scapular close to rib cage
innervation: long thoracic nerve, damaged in breastectomy or stabbed directly, paralyze scapular does not move with forward movement, winged scapular

Question 7

Trapezius

Answer 7

occipital bone, spinous process –> clavicle, acromion, scapular spine
upper fibers: elevation
lower fibers: depression
middle fiber: retraction
upper+lower: upward rotation (because lower fiber is attached to the scapular spine)
* innervated by accessory nerve CN XI (exception)

Question 8

Movement:

Levator Scapulae + rhomboids

Answer 8

Glenoid down

Question 9

Movement:

Trapezius + Serratus anterior

Answer 9

Upward rotation (SAT)

Question 10

Muscle for scapular protraction

Answer 10

Serratus anterior

Question 11

Muscle for scapular retraction

Answer 11

Trapezius middle fiber + Rhomboids

Question 12

Muscle for scapular elevation

Answer 12

Trapezius upper fiber

Question 13

Muscle for scapular depression

Answer 13

Trapezius lower fiber, Pec minor

Question 14

Movement:

Trapezius middle fiber

Answer 14

Scapular retraction

Question 15

Movement:

Serratus anterior

Answer 15

scapular protraction

Upward rotation

Question 16

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 16

head rotation to opposite direction

innervated by accessory nerve CN XI

Question 17

Disease of clavicle

Answer 17

Midshaft fracture
Sternocleidomastoid: bone bumping up at middle of clavicle
Pec major spasm: adduction
Shoulder droops: holding limbs,

Question 18

Adduction of shoulder joint

Answer 18

Pec Major + Latissimus dorsi

both attach anterior humerus

Question 19

Pec major

Answer 19

adduction
medial rotation
flexion

Question 20

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 20

adduction
medial rotation
extension

Question 21

Deltoid

Answer 21

all movement are important
Abduction: middle fiber (for testing)
Flexion: anterior fiber
Extension: posterior fiber
innervated by axillary nerve

Question 22

Deltoid injection

Answer 22

Intramuscular injection
2 inch down the acromion (axillary nerve 7cm down the acromion)
too posterior: radial nerve

Question 23

Supraspinatus

Answer 23

initiate abduction 15`

Question 24

Painful arc syndrome

Answer 24

60-120` increasing pain
Shoulder impingement occur
supraspinatus tendon press on the bursa

Question 25

Muscles involved in lifting up upper limb from side to overhead

Answer 25

supraspinatous deltoid serratus anterior + trapezius

Question 26

Lateral rotation of shoulder joint

Answer 26

Infraspinatous | Teres minor

Question 27

Medial rotation of shoulder joint

Answer 27

Subscapularis, teres major

Question 28

Subscapularis teres major

Answer 28

medial rotation, adduction

Question 29

Quadrangular space

Answer 29

``` Teres major lateral inferior border Teres minor lateral superior border long head of the tricep lateral border humerus medial border where posterior circumflex humeral artery and axillary nerve goes to the back of the humerus ```

Question 30

Disease of quadrangular space

Answer 30

Quadrangular space syndrome shoulder pain due to compression of nerve and artery Heavy backpack, shoulder joint dislocation, overhead sports

Question 31

Shoulder joint dislocation causes

Answer 31

1. quadrangular space syndrome --> shoulder pain | 2. axillary nerve injury --> paralysis and atrophy of deltoid

Question 32

Triangular interval

Answer 32

where radial nerve goes to the back of humerus