Part 3 - DNA And The Production Of Proteins

Question 1

What is the structure of DNA

Answer 1

Double stranded helix made of nucleotides and held by the complementary base pairs

Question 2

What are the 4 bases?

Answer 2

Adenine
Cytosine
Guanine
Thymine

(A,C,G and T)

Question 3

What do the bases make up?

Answer 3

The genetic code which determines the amino acid sequence and therefore the protein formed

Question 4

What is a gene?

Answer 4

A section of DNA that contains the genetic code to make a protein
Gene codes for a protein

Question 5

What is mRNA?

Answer 5

Stands for messenger RNA
Molecules which carry a complementary copy of the genetic code from the DNA, in th nucleus, to a ribosome, where protein is assembled from amino acids

Question 6

What is the base pairing rule?

Answer 6

Adenine must always be paired with thymine and cytosine must always be paired with guanine to for a double strand

Question 7

Explain DNA

Answer 7

Carries the genetic code for making proteins
Chromosomes contain dna (deoxyribonucleic acid)
A molecule of DNA consists of two strands that form a double helix

Question 8

Where is genetic information held?

Answer 8

Within the chromosomes of a cell inside the nucleus

Question 9

Explain the genetic information journey

Answer 9

Genetic information in the DNA must be copied to produce proteins. It is carried on a molecule of mRNA

Question 10

Protein synthesis summary/how is protein formed?

Answer 10

1 DNA: region of DNA opens up and mRNA ismade against one of the DNA strands
2mRNA: passes into the cytoplasm and meets a ribosome
3 amino acids assembled at ribosome in an orer determined by the base sequence
4 protein formed

Question 11

what happens if protein synthesis goes wrong?

Answer 11

a change in the sequence of amino acids can result in the protein not haveing the correct shape, no function or a different function than the one it was meant to have