part 3 exam Flashcards
(153 cards)
1
Q
What is Generation X?
A
A generation shaped by shifting cultural values, tech advances, and economic changes.
2
Q
Who are considered Generation X?
A
People born between 1965–1980.
3
Q
When did Generation X exist?
A
Mid-1960s to 1980.
4
Q
Where is Generation X primarily located?
A
Primarily U.S. and Western nations.
5
Q
Why is Generation X significant?
A
Known for independence, skepticism of authority, and influence on modern culture and tech.
6
Q
Who was Martin Luther King, Jr.?
A
Civil rights leader and pastor.
7
Q
What did Martin Luther King, Jr. advocate for?
A
Led nonviolent protests for racial equality.
8
Q
When was Martin Luther King, Jr. active?
A
Active in the 1950s–1960s.
9
Q
Where did Martin Luther King, Jr. primarily operate?
A
U.S. (especially South).
10
Q
Why is Martin Luther King, Jr. significant?
A
Major figure in Civil Rights Movement; helped pass Civil Rights Act & Voting Rights Act.
11
Q
Who were the Black Panthers?
A
Political organization founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale.
12
Q
What did the Black Panthers advocate for?
A
Advocated for Black self-defense and community programs.
13
Q
When were the Black Panthers founded?
A
Founded in 1966.
14
Q
Where did the Black Panthers originate?
A
Oakland, California; spread across U.S.
15
Q
Why were the Black Panthers formed?
A
Response to police brutality and racial injustice.
16
Q
What is the significance of the Black Panthers?
A
Brought attention to systemic racism and inspired later activism.
17
Q
Who is Barack Obama?
A
44th U.S. President.
18
Q
What is Barack Obama known for?
A
First African American president.
19
Q
When was Barack Obama elected?
A
Elected in 2008; served 2009–2017.
20
Q
What was Barack Obama’s campaign focused on?
A
Hope, change, and healthcare reform.
21
Q
What is the significance of Barack Obama?
A
Symbol of racial progress; passed Affordable Care Act.
22
Q
What was Operation Rolling Thunder?
A
Bombing campaign in Vietnam War.
23
Q
Who conducted Operation Rolling Thunder?
A
U.S. military.
24
Q
When did Operation Rolling Thunder take place?
A
1965–1968.
25
Where was Operation Rolling Thunder focused?
North Vietnam.
26
Why was Operation Rolling Thunder initiated?
Intended to weaken North Vietnam’s war capability.
27
What is the significance of Operation Rolling Thunder?
Escalated U.S. involvement; increased anti-war sentiment.
28
Who was Richard Nixon?
37th U.S. President.
29
What is Richard Nixon known for?
Known for Vietnam policies and Watergate.
30
When was Richard Nixon president?
President 1969–1974.
31
Why did Richard Nixon gain election?
Elected on promise to end Vietnam War.
32
What is the significance of Richard Nixon?
Resigned after Watergate; hurt public trust in government.
33
What was the Tet Offensive?
Surprise attacks during Tet holiday.
34
Who participated in the Tet Offensive?
North Vietnamese and Viet Cong vs. U.S./South Vietnam.
35
When did the Tet Offensive occur?
1968.
36
Where did the Tet Offensive take place?
South Vietnam.
37
Why was the Tet Offensive significant?
Shifted U.S. public opinion against the war.
38
Who was James Meredith?
First Black student at University of Mississippi.
39
What did James Meredith achieve?
Integrated the university.
40
When did James Meredith integrate the university?
1962.
41
Where did James Meredith's integration take place?
Mississippi.
42
Why is James Meredith significant?
Key event in Civil Rights Movement.
43
What was Duck and Cover?
Civil defense drill during Cold War.
44
Who conducted Duck and Cover drills?
U.S. government/public.
45
When were Duck and Cover drills popular?
1950s.
46
Where were Duck and Cover drills conducted?
U.S. schools.
47
Why was Duck and Cover implemented?
Response to nuclear threat.
48
What is the significance of Duck and Cover?
Shows Cold War fear and nuclear anxiety.
49
Who was Betty Friedan?
Feminist leader and author.
50
What did Betty Friedan co-found?
Co-founded National Organization for Women.
51
When was NOW founded?
1966.
52
Where was NOW founded?
U.S.
53
Why is Betty Friedan significant?
Sparked second-wave feminism.
54
What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Nuclear standoff over missiles in Cuba.
55
Who was involved in the Cuban Missile Crisis?
U.S. and Soviet Union.
56
When did the Cuban Missile Crisis occur?
1962.
57
Where did the Cuban Missile Crisis take place?
Cuba.
58
Why was the Cuban Missile Crisis significant?
Closest Cold War came to nuclear war.
59
What was the Gulf of Tonkin incident?
Alleged attack on U.S. ship.
60
Who was involved in the Gulf of Tonkin incident?
U.S. and North Vietnam.
61
When did the Gulf of Tonkin incident occur?
1964.
62
Where did the Gulf of Tonkin incident take place?
Gulf of Tonkin, near Vietnam.
63
Why was the Gulf of Tonkin incident significant?
Used to justify escalation of war.
64
What was Vietnamization?
Gradual withdrawal of U.S. troops.
65
Who implemented Vietnamization?
Nixon’s policy.
66
When was Vietnamization implemented?
Late 1960s–early 1970s.
67
Where did Vietnamization take place?
Vietnam.
68
Why was Vietnamization significant?
Attempt to end U.S. involvement.
69
What was the Bay of Pigs?
Failed invasion of Cuba.
70
Who conducted the Bay of Pigs invasion?
U.S.-trained Cuban exiles.
71
When did the Bay of Pigs invasion occur?
1961.
72
Where did the Bay of Pigs invasion take place?
Cuba.
73
Why was the Bay of Pigs invasion significant?
Embarrassed U.S., strengthened Castro.
74
What was the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
Outlawed segregation and job discrimination.
75
Who signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
U.S. Congress, signed by LBJ.
76
When was the Civil Rights Act of 1964 enacted?
1964.
77
Where did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 apply?
U.S.
78
Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1964 significant?
Landmark law ending Jim Crow laws.
79
What were the Great Society Programs?
Social programs for poverty, education, healthcare.
80
Who initiated the Great Society Programs?
Lyndon B. Johnson.
81
When were the Great Society Programs implemented?
1964–1965.
82
Where did the Great Society Programs take place?
U.S.
83
Why were the Great Society Programs significant?
Created Medicare, Medicaid, and more.
84
Who was Cesar Chavez?
Labor leader and civil rights activist.
85
What did Cesar Chavez found?
Founded United Farm Workers (UFW).
86
When was Cesar Chavez active?
1960s–1970s.
87
Where did Cesar Chavez primarily operate?
California and Southwest.
88
Why is Cesar Chavez significant?
Helped improve conditions for migrant workers.
89
What happened on 9/11?
Attacks on U.S. using hijacked planes.
90
Who conducted the 9/11 attacks?
Al-Qaeda terrorists.
91
When did the 9/11 attacks occur?
September 11, 2001.
92
Where did the 9/11 attacks take place?
NYC, Washington, D.C., Pennsylvania.
93
Why were the 9/11 attacks significant?
Led to War on Terror, Homeland Security.
94
What was Roe v. Wade?
Supreme Court decision on abortion rights.
95
Who were the parties in Roe v. Wade?
Jane Roe vs. Texas.
96
When was Roe v. Wade decided?
1973.
97
Where did Roe v. Wade take place?
U.S.
98
Why is Roe v. Wade significant?
Legalized abortion nationwide.
99
What is OPEC?
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries.
100
What does OPEC do?
Controls oil production/prices.
101
When was OPEC founded?
Founded 1960; major in 1970s.
102
Where is OPEC primarily located?
Middle East, Latin America, Africa.
103
Why is OPEC significant?
Oil embargo caused U.S. energy crisis.
104
What is Containment?
Strategy to stop communism.
105
Who implemented Containment?
U.S. foreign policy.
106
When was Containment a strategy?
Cold War era.
107
Where did Containment apply?
Global.
108
Why is Containment significant?
Justified U.S. involvement in Korea, Vietnam.
109
What is Détente?
Easing of Cold War tensions.
110
Who was involved in Détente?
U.S. and USSR.
111
When did Détente occur?
1970s.
112
Where did Détente take place?
Global.
113
Why is Détente significant?
Improved U.S.-Soviet relations.
114
What was Woodstock?
Music and peace festival.
115
Who attended Woodstock?
Counterculture youth.
116
When did Woodstock occur?
1969.
117
Where did Woodstock take place?
New York.
118
Why is Woodstock significant?
Symbol of 1960s counterculture.
119
What is AIM?
American Indian Movement.
120
Who founded AIM?
Native American activists.
121
What did AIM fight for?
Fought for tribal rights and sovereignty.
122
When was AIM founded?
Founded in 1968.
123
Where did AIM primarily operate?
U.S., especially reservations.
124
Why is AIM significant?
Increased visibility and rights for Native Americans.
125
What was Brown v. Board of Education?
Supreme Court case ending school segregation.
126
Who were the parties in Brown v. Board of Education?
Linda Brown et al. vs. Board of Education.
127
When was Brown v. Board of Education decided?
1954.
128
Where did Brown v. Board of Education take place?
Topeka, Kansas.
129
Why is Brown v. Board of Education significant?
Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson.
130
What was the Point Four Plan?
Foreign aid program.
131
Who initiated the Point Four Plan?
President Truman.
132
When was the Point Four Plan introduced?
1949.
133
Where did the Point Four Plan focus its efforts?
Developing countries.
134
Why is the Point Four Plan significant?
Part of Cold War containment policy.
135
What is Title IX?
Gender equality in education.
136
Who enacted Title IX?
U.S. Congress.
137
When was Title IX enacted?
1972.
138
Where does Title IX apply?
U.S. schools.
139
Why is Title IX significant?
Increased women’s access to sports and education.
140
What is McCarthyism?
Anti-communist campaign.
141
Who led McCarthyism?
Senator Joseph McCarthy.
142
When did McCarthyism occur?
Early 1950s.
143
Where did McCarthyism take place?
U.S.
144
Why is McCarthyism significant?
Violated civil liberties; blacklisted many.
145
What was the Marshall Plan?
Economic aid to rebuild Europe.
146
Who proposed the Marshall Plan?
U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall.
147
When was the Marshall Plan initiated?
1948.
148
Where did the Marshall Plan focus its aid?
Western Europe.
149
Why is the Marshall Plan significant?
Boosted U.S. economy and European recovery.
150
What characterized the 1980s in America?
Conservative shift, tech boom, end of Cold War.
151
What era does the 1980s refer to?
1980–1989.
152
Where did the 1980s changes primarily occur?
U.S.
153
Why is the 1980s significant?
Rise of Reaganomics, culture wars, Cold War ending.
