Part B - Dynamics Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is Newton’s 1st law?
When Fnet= 0, an object is moving at constant velocity or at rest, so Fx= 0 and Fy=0.
What does Newton’s 2nd law state?
When Fnet=ma, an object is accelerating.
What does Newton’s 3rd law state?
If object A exerts force on B, the same force is exerted by object B on A.
What is the formula for gravitational force?
Fg=mg.
How is the net force in 2D represented?
Listed as Fnet / ΣF.
What directions must Fnet be found in 2D problems?
In both x and y directions.
What does a smooth surface imply in Newton’s Laws problems?
No friction is present.
What does a rough surface imply in Newton’s Laws problems?
Friction is present.
What assumptions are made about ropes in these problems?
Assumed as ideal, massless, doesn’t stretch, FT = same throughout the whole rope.
What is the role of a pulley in a Newton’s Laws problem?
Changes direction without changing FT due to the rope.
In a lawnmower problem, how is FN related to Fg?
FN≠ Fg because Fapp has a y component that is added with FN to balance with Fg.
In inclined plane problems, how is FN related to Fg?
FN≠ Fg because Fg is split into components, FN = Fgy.
What is the effect of mass on the tension in a pulley system?
Masses and rope accelerate together, FT = constant through rope and does not affect acceleration.
What is the formula for kinetic friction?
FK= UKFN.
What is the formula for static friction?
FS= USFN.
What happens to apparent weight at the top of a vertical circular motion?
Feel lighter due to apparent weight.
What happens to apparent weight at the bottom of a vertical circular motion?
Feel heavier due to apparent weight.
In banked curves, what are the two roles of normal force (Fn)?
Balancing Fg and providing Fc.
What is the Coriolis effect?
Curved path of a ball thrown from a spinning surface.
What is the difference between inertial and non-inertial frames of reference?
Inertial frames have constant velocity; non-inertial frames experience acceleration.
What is a fictitious force?
A made-up force considered in non-inertial frames to account for experiences.
What is the formula for centripetal acceleration?
ac=v^2/r.
How does inertia affect the perception of centrifugal force?
We feel like being thrown outward due to inertia, not because of an actual outward force.
How is apparent weight measured in relation to gravitational force?
Measured through a force that opposes it, FN.
