Part One: Peace making (ToV) Flashcards
(23 cards)
Who were the ‘Big Three’?
David Lloyd George (GB), George Clemenceau (France), Woodrow Wilson (USA)
What did George Clemenceau want from the ToV?
1.extremely harsh terms
2.Germany’s border pushed back
3.armed forces reduced
4.Germany to pay compensation
Why did Clemenceau want such harsh terms?
- Most of the fighting was in France so the French wanted revenge
- Defences are taken away
- Germany cannot fight back
- France suffered extreme financial losses
What did Lloyd George want from the ToV?
- To keep Germany strong enough for trade
- To not be too harsh on Germany in case of future conflict
- Take Germany’s colonies to expand the British empire.
- Reduce Germany’s army to reduce fear of conflict
What did Woodrow Wilson want from the ToV?
No punishment as little fighting took place in America
What is a noun to describe Woodrow Wilson?
An idealist
What did Woodrow Wilson believe in for countries?
Self determination
What was Article 231 in the Treaty of Versailles
War guilt clause - Germany and their allies had to take full responsibility of the war.
What was Article 232 in the Treaty of Versailles?
Reparations payment of £6.6 billion 💷💷
What union was banned in the Treaty?
An Anschluss between Germany and Austria
How many men was Germany’s army reduced to in the Treaty?
100,000 men and conscription was not allowed
How many battle ships were Germany allowed in the Treaty?
Six 🚢🚢🚢🚢🚢🚢
What happened to Germany’s colonies in the Treaty?
They were given to the League of Nations, so Britain and France controlled them
What happened to the Rhineland in the ToV?
It was demilitarised.
How much land did Germany lose?
10%, including Alsace Lorraine.
Who were Germany’s 3 allies in WW1?
Turkey, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria - these countries had to be dealt with at the Paris Peace Conference
What was the Treaty of Sevres?
Turkey lost land to Greece and their military was reduced to 50,000 men
What was the Turkish response to the Treaty of Sevres?
The Turkish were furious and revolted against the government and overthrew them. The new president threatened to fight the Allies.
What was the Treaty of Lausanne?
Turkey regained some land lost to Greece and regained the right to choose their military size.
What is the significance of the Treaty of Sevres changing?
-undermined all treaties as it was clear they were unfair
-proved treaties were unenforceable
-Mussolini and Hitler realised they could get away with breaking international law.
What is the German word for a ‘forced treaty’?
‘Diktat’
What did Germans call the German politicians who signed the Treaty of Versailles?
November Criminals
What was the name of the democratic government that was setup after the Kaiser fled?
the Weimar Republic
