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Partial 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Three claims of rationalism

A
  1. Intuition/deduction thesis
  2. The innate knowledge/Innate concept thesis
  3. The indispensability/superiority of reason thesis
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2
Q

Some propositions in a particular subject area are knowable to us by intuition alone; still, others are knowable by being deduced from intuited propositions

A

Intuition/deduction

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3
Q

General to specific

A

Deduction

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4
Q

We have knowledge of some truths and some concepts in a particular subject matter as part of our rational nature

A

Innate knowledge/innate concept

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5
Q

In rationalism we are born with knowledge it’s just ___________

A

unconscious

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6
Q

The knowledge we gain in a subject area by intuition and deduction as well as the ideas that are innate to us could not have been gained by us through sense experience; therefore this knowledge is superior to experience.

A

Indispensability/superiority of reason

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7
Q

We have no source of knowledge in a subject area or for the concepts we use in a subjects we were other than sense experience

A

Empiricism

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8
Q

Experimental sciences are based on

A

Empiricism

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9
Q

French revolution cause
1)
Due to bitter winters and weather

A

Crop failure due to bitter winter = starvation

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10
Q

Reason for the French Revolution

A

The bourgeoisie had no political power

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11
Q

French revolution reason 3)

A

Intellectuals argued for social reform

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12
Q

French Revolution

4)

A

Feudalism (lords, peasants)

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13
Q

Merchants/dealt with trade/economic power

A

Bourgeoisie

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14
Q

If all assests are fixed there is no

A

Liquidity

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15
Q

Noblemen exchanged _____ for money

A

Land

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16
Q

They funded wars

A

The burgeoise

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17
Q

The monarchy allied with ________ instead of helping the starving French

A

America

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18
Q

After the French revolution, France became a __________, abolishing the monarchy.

A

Republic

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19
Q

One of the thing that French people wanted to achieve in terms of society was _________

A

Equality

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20
Q

_________ people were decapitated during the Reign of Terror

A

25,000

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21
Q

The french revolution ended __________

A

Feudalism

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22
Q

Wars with Austria, Prussia, Great Britain because the French did not recognize ___________

A

The debt

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23
Q

The storming of the __________ in 1789

A

Bastille

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24
Q

Years of the French Revolution

A

1789-1799

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25
Figures of the French Revolution
``` Charles Danton Louis the XVI Marie Antoniette Count of Mirabeau Napoleon Robespierre Luis de Saint Just ```
26
Augustus Compte (19th century); any system that defines itself to the data of experience (postive data)/excludes metaphysical speculations (math and logic)-against god
Postivism
27
What did positivism do?
Influenced sociology; social sciences were identical to natural sciences
28
Early 20th century; Giddings, Ludenberg; supported behaviorism (human behavior could be observed and measured) and postivist epistemolgy (psychology had become experimental and objective)
Neopositivism
29
Introduced mathematical sociology
Neopositivism
30
20th century; Karl Marx and Sigmund Freud; Marxist inspired movement aimed at understanding philosophy society; philosophy’s main goal was overcoming oppression
Critical theory
31
19th century; Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels; philosophical approach to reality (material world is independent of mind and spirit, ideas arise as reflections of material conditions, empirical); describe phenomena of nature
Historial-Dialectic Materialism
32
19th century; Augustus Compte, H. Spencer, Lewis Morgan; Theory of evolution of society and cultures. “Western cultures” above all, primitive to civilized. Obsolete (racist)
Unilineal Evolution
33
1920s, Lev Vygtsky; Explain changes in framework within society; realize goals and aims; emphasizes human interaction, help by analyzing the development of society.
Comprehensive theory
34
Itellectual-cultural movement of the 1600-1700; new philosophies and ideas arise, knowledge could be transmitted
Enlightenment
35
Important invention of the Enlightenment because knowledge was accessible
Printing press
36
They had power over knowledge before
Catholic Church
37
The enlightenment lead to the scientific revolution which lead to the _________________
Industrial revolution
38
Philosophers interpreted society in a different light, which was ________
Equality
39
The feudal system was supposedly ____________
God will
40
Before the enlightenment, society was _____________
Superstitious
41
Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson were
Figures of the enlightenment
42
_______________ was inspired by the enlightenment
Mexico’s Independence (1810-1821) | Rights for criollos
43
_____________ became an emperor
Napoleon
44
Important invention of the Industrial Revolution
Steam Engine
45
Who mines to get coal
Children
46
The Industrial Revolution started in __________
England
47
____________ changed the way things are made
Machinery
48
People migrated from rural areas to _________ centers
Urban
49
Urban centers were
Insecure Not sanitary Caused diseases No rural areas
50
What was the negative impact of the Industrial revolution
Unhinged capitalism (lol) - child labor - 18 shifts - Dangerous conditions
51
Impact of the Industrial Revolution
Society was structured differently (working class)
52
Had democracy “ruled by the people”; birthplace of philosophy (morality, life and death, reality, etc)
Ancient Greece | 800 BC
53
Barbaric era; feudalism; lost knowledge; superstition (religion)
Middle Ages (5th to 15th century)
54
Classical scholarship (arts, science, philosophy); Humanism (study of human nature and its manifestations) - individualism, reason and secular values
Renaissance (14th-17th)
55
Saw society in a new light; inspired revolutions; attempts to explain entire systems in terms of their individual parts and in their interactions; scientific method
Enlightenment
56
Understands society as a struggle between classes, capitalism is exploitative, communist manifesto (revolution)
Marxism 1950s
57
Movement of the 20th century that seeks equality of the sexes and destroying the patriarchal system
Feminism
58
Emphasizes the value of free market competition “human progress”. Minimal governmental intervention on economic affairs, privatization, lower wages, etc
Neoliberalism
59
Social sciences were invented in the
Enlightenment
60
In the enlightenment, _____________ was brought back
Philosophy (Socrates, Plato, Asristotle)
61
____________ works were distributed
Tomás Aquino
62
Science was reborn in the enlightenment; scientific method, new sciences
Scientific revolution
63
Science as a whole uses
Empiricism and Rationalism
64
Before printing press, everything was __________
Copied by hand
65
Father of Sociology
Augustus Compte
65
Father of political science
Machiavelli / Marx
65
The ___________ Ended feudalism and established ____________
Industrial revolution | Capitalism
66
3rd social class in the industrial revolution
Bourgeoisie
67
Spain was the last kingdom to be__________
Enlightened
68
The industrial revolution/enlightenment moved to
The Americas
69
Political change in France came from
The burgeoise
70
The enlightenment also inspired the
American Revolutionary War (1774-1776) | Wanted equality with colonies and UK
71
Hidalgo Pavon Corregidor/a
Enlightened in Mexico

Social Sciences (2 decks)

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