Partial 2 (Anti-mycobacterial Drugs) Flashcards
Isoniazid can cause age-dependent _____, and drug-induced _____ _____ due to inactivation of ______.
_____ can cause age-dependent hepatitis, and drug-induced peripheral neuritis due to _______ of pyridoxine.
Rifampin is a _____ ______ with broad-spectrum activity.
It is used in the treatment of ___ and ____, in the prevention of ______ and H. influenzae type __ infections, and in the treatment of ______ and L. pneumophila infections.
• Adverse effects of _______ include hepatitis and discoloration of body fluids.
______ is a semisynthetic antibiotic with _____- _____ _____.
It is used in the treatment of TB and leprosy, in the prevention of meningococcal and ____ _____ type b infections, and in the treatment of staphylococcal and ___ ______ infections.
• Adverse effects of rifampin include ______ and _______of body fluids.
Bedaquiline is a new drug for _______-_____ tuberculosis that blocks the ___ ____ for ATP synthase.
The drug may cause adverse cardiac effects and ____ _____.
______ is a new drug for multidrug-resistant ______ that blocks the proton pump for ____ ______.
The drug may cause adverse _____ _____ and liver toxicity.
Isoniazid (_____ _____ _____ [INH]) is activated by ______-_____ encoded by the katG gene, and inhibits ____ _____ synthesis.
• The rate of acetylation of the drug exhibits genetic polymorphism, with some persons showing fast _____ and some showing slow______.
_____ (isonicotinic acid hydrazide [INH]) is activated by catalase-peroxidase encoded by the ____ ____, and inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.
• The rate of ______ of the drug exhibits ____ _____ with some persons showing fast acetylation and some showing slow acetylation.
Rifabutin, a _______ antibiotic, is used for the _____ and treatment of ____ _____-_____ diseases in individuals who are infected with HIV or are ________.
• For treatment, ______ is usually given in combination with _____ or ______ and ethambutol.
_______ a semisynthetic antibiotic, is used for the prevention and treatment of M. avium-intracellulare diseases in individuals who are infected with _____ or are immunosuppressed.
• For treatment, rifabutin is usually given in combination with azithromycin or clarithromycin and _______.
Dapsone is a ___ ____ that forms the foundation of therapy for ______.
It is used in combination with ______ and clofazimine
________ is a sulfone drug that forms the foundation of therapy for leprosy.
It is used in combination with rifampin and ______.
Most patients with leprosy are treated with a combination of ____ and _____ or a combination of dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine
Most patients with _____ are treated with a combination of dapsone and rifampin or a combination of _____, ______, and ______.
Most patients with TB are initially treated with a combination of _____, _____, ______, ______
• Second-line drugs are used to treat _____ caused by organisms ______ to ______ drugs.
Most patients with ____ are ____ _____ with a combination of: >> isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. <<
• _____ _____ drugs are used to treat TB caused by organisms resistant to first-line drugs.
TB and leprosy are _____ ______ infections that often require treatment with ____ drugs for _____ or _______.
• Combination drug therapy accelerates the ____ of _____ and _____ the emergence of ____ ____ resistance during therapy.
____and ____ are chronic mycobacterial infections that often require treatment with multiple drugs for months or years.
• _____ ______ therapy accelerates the eradication of bacteria and reduces the emergence of microbial drug _____ during therapy.
Clofazimine is a ___ ____ that has _______ and antiinflammatory activity.
As with rifampin, it can discolor ___ ____.
Clofazimine is a synthetic dye that has antimycobacterial and ____ ______.
As with______, it can ____ body fluids.
Pyrazinamide is a _______drug that _____ the duration of therapy for _______.
_______ is a bactericidal drug that shortens the duration of therapy for TB.
