Participation Model (Beukelman & Mirenda, 2020) Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are the 2 key principles of AAC assessment?
Multi-phase assessment - monitoring repeatedly over time
Consensus building – team agree goals/decisions
This principle emphasizes the importance of ongoing evaluation to track progress and adjust interventions.
What is Step 1 in the AAC assessment process? (Participation Model)
Participation inventory (what activities do they do at home/work etc)
This step involves gathering information about the individual’s daily activities and contexts.
What are opportunity barriers?
Imposed by others
These barriers can include policies, practices, and attitudes that limit participation opportunities.
List some examples of opportunity barriers x 5
- Policy - parent/guardian rules
- Practice - conventions in care home
- Knowledge - of comms partners
- Skills - of comms partners
- Attitude - low expectations
These factors can significantly impact an individual’s ability to engage in communication.
Define access barriers?
Limitation of client/comms system
Access barriers refer to the constraints related to the individual’s communication system that hinder effective participation.
How do we assess communicative competence?
- Interviews with client + carers + team
- Observation of strengths/needs across multiple contexts + multiple communication partners
+ determine level of communicative intent
+ Assess symbolic understandin
A comprehensive approach that includes various methods to evaluate the individual’s communication abilities.
What are pre-linguistic skills?
- Joint attention
- Body orientation
- Gesture
- Eye contact
- Vocalisations
- Facial expression
- Turn-taking
These skills are foundational for developing more complex communication abilities.
What role does a multidisciplinary team (MDT) play in AAC assessment?
Inform the assessments, goals, intervention planning, and achieve consensus
The MDT collaborates to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the individual’s communication needs.
Why is ongoing assessment important in AAC?
To ensure:
- ongoing relevance of therapy targets,
- accurate profile of strengths/weaknesses,
- accurate Ax of participation opportunities/barriers.
Continuous assessment allows for monitoring progress and adapting interventions as needed.
Name some tools used in AAC assessment. x3
- Communication Matrix (Rowland) - gives us goals and stage of deep (pre-intentional, etc)
- Rosetti infant-toddler language scale
- REEL receptive expressive emergent language scale
- Triple C – Checklist of Comm Competencies
- Pragmatics profile of everyday comm skills
These tools help evaluate different aspects of communication competence.
What is the Participation Model based on?
functional participation requirements of peers without disabilities
What are 3 congenital diagnosis that may need AAC?
severe intellectual disability
movement-based disorders (CP)
autism
apraxia of speech
What are 3 acquired conditions that may need AAC?
stroke
TBI
MS
What is the purpose of MMC?
- use/choose different modalities for different situations
what are 5 strategies to improve communication?
o allow plenty of time
o optimise position (face to face)
o Minimise distractions
o pause expectantly
o observe/interpret comms attempts
o repeat and clarify comms as necessary (use MMC to help)
Who invented the Participation Model?
Beukelman & Mirenda, 2020
What is Step 2 in the AAC assessment process? (Participation Model)
Identify participation barriers:
- Opportunity barriers
- Access barriers
How do we assess access barriers? (Participation Model)
Assess communicative competence, via:
- Interviews with client + carers + team
- Observation of strengths/needs across multiple contexts + multiple communication partners
What are opportunity interventions? x3
capacity building - skills training
education
advocacy
What is a natural ability intervention?
shape existing movement –> gestures –> signs
What are the 3 potential ways to overcome access barriers (after we Ax current communication)?
Natural abilities
Environmental adaptations
AAC
What is an environmental adaptation intervention?
Change the environment around them? TBC
What do we consider when assessing potential to use AAC (Participation Model)?
Operational requirements
Constraints profile
Capability profile
What aspects do we consider in a capability profile, when assessing for AAC?
motor
cognitive/linguistic
literacy
sensory/perceptual abilities
… and remember: Multi-Modal!
