Particle Model Of Matter

Question 1

Solid arrangement

Answer 1

regular arrangement and particles touching

Question 2

Liquid arrangement

Answer 2

irregular arrangement and most particles touching

Question 3

Gas arrangement

Answer 3

random and spaced out

Question 4

Describe the motion of particles in a solid.

Answer 4

-particles vibrate
-fixed positions

Question 5

Describe how the motion of particles in a gas changes as it is heated.

Answer 5

• gas particles gain kinetic energy
• causing the average particle speed to increase

Question 6

Describe a method you could follow to find the density of an unusual shaped object

Answer 6

-measure the mass of the metal using a balance/scales
-fill a eureka can with water and allow excess water to drain out
-place a measuring cylinder under the spout of the eureka can
-slowly lower object into the eureka can to avoid spilling
-record the volume of water displaced by reading the measuring cylinder
-density = mass ÷ volume

Question 7

State the name of the piece of equipment the student should use to find the mass of the metal block.

Answer 7

Balance/weighing scales

Question 9

The student turns on the balance and they read -0.23 g before the metal cube is added.
State the name of this sort of error.

Answer 9

Zero error

Question 10

Density equation

Answer 10

p = m/V

Question 11

Solid → Liquid

Answer 11

Melting

Question 12

Liquid → Gas

Answer 12

Evaporation

Question 13

Solid → Gas/gas to solid

Answer 13

Sublimation

Question 14

Gas → Liquid

Answer 14

Condensation

Question 15

Liquid → solid

Answer 15

Freezing

Question 16

Explain which of the measuring cylinders the student should use and why.

Answer 16

measuring cylinder A
smaller increments give greater precision
there would be a large error associated with measuring cylinders B and C as the increments are very large

Question 17

Describe two precautions the student should take to ensure they obtain accurate results.

Answer 17

place measuring cylinder on level surface
read measuring cylinder at eye level

Question 18

The three liquids are poured into a large measuring cylinder and left to settle.
The liquids separate and sit on top of each other.
Explain why.

Answer 18

-the liquids have different densities
-the liquid with the highest density will be at the bottom
-the liquid with the lowest density will be at the top

Question 20

Describe the change in movement of the particles as an ice cube melts.

Answer 20

-when in solid form, the particles vibrate about fixed positions
-particles in a liquid move (more) freely and are not in fixed positions

Question 21

Describe how the motion of the particles in the water changes as the melted ice cube warms up to room temperature.

Answer 21

-particles gain kinetic energy as the temperature increases
-average speed of particles increases

Question 22

A student is measuring the density of a piece of paper.
a) The student needs to measure the thickness of the paper.
Which of the following would be the most suitable?

Answer 22

Vernier calliper

Question 23

Describe the motion of particles in a gas.

Answer 23

-random motion/ moving in different directions
-range of speeds

Question 24

Gas pressure

Answer 24

collisions occur frequently. These collisions may be between two particles, between a particle and the wall of the container, or between a particle and something else in the container.