particle physics

Question 2

What is the smallest unit of matter?

Answer 2

Atom

Question 3

What are the three main subatomic particles?

Answer 3

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 4

True or False: Electrons have a positive charge.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

What is the charge of a proton?

Answer 5

Positive

Question 6

Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains ______ and ______.

Answer 6

Protons, neutrons

Question 7

What is the relative mass of an electron compared to a proton?

Answer 7

1/1836

Question 8

What particle is responsible for the strong nuclear force?

Answer 8

Gluon

Question 9

Which particle has no electric charge?

Answer 9

Neutron

Question 10

What is the term for particles that are made up of quarks?

Answer 10

Hadrons

Question 11

True or False: All hadrons are unstable.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

What is the difference between baryons and mesons?

Answer 12

Baryons are made of three quarks; mesons are made of one quark and one antiquark.

Question 13

What are leptons?

Answer 13

Elementary particles that do not undergo strong interactions.

Question 14

Name the two types of leptons.

Answer 14

Electrons and neutrinos

Question 15

What is the weak nuclear force responsible for?

Answer 15

Radioactive decay

Question 16

Fill in the blank: A positron is the ______ of an electron.

Answer 16

Antiparticle

Question 17

What is the Higgs boson associated with?

Answer 17

The mechanism that gives mass to other particles

Question 18

What is a photon?

Answer 18

A quantum of electromagnetic radiation

Question 19

True or False: Photons have mass.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

What is the role of the strong force in atomic structure?

Answer 20

It holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus.

Question 21

What is the term for the force that holds electrons in orbit around the nucleus?

Answer 21

Electromagnetic force

Question 22

How many quarks make up a proton?

Answer 22

Three

Question 23

What are the four fundamental forces in nature?

Answer 23

Gravitational, electromagnetic, weak nuclear, and strong nuclear forces

Question 24

What is antimatter?

Answer 24

Matter composed of antiparticles

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The process of a particle and its antiparticle annihilating each other is called ______.

Answer 25

Annihilation

Question 26

What is the term for the model that describes particles and their interactions?

Answer 26

Standard Model

Question 27

What is a neutrino?

Answer 27

A very light, neutral particle produced in nuclear reactions

Question 28

What is the primary characteristic of fermions?

Answer 28

They follow the Pauli exclusion principle.

Question 29

True or False: Bosons are particles that carry forces.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

What is the force carrier for the electromagnetic force?

Answer 30

Photon

Question 31

What are gauge bosons?

Answer 31

Force carrier particles in quantum field theory.

Question 32

Fill in the blank: The strong force is mediated by ______.

Answer 32

Gluons

Question 33

What is the rest mass of a photon?

Answer 33

Zero

Question 34

What does the term 'quark confinement' refer to?

Answer 34

The phenomenon that quarks cannot be isolated.

Question 35

What is a meson?

Answer 35

A hadron consisting of one quark and one antiquark.

Question 36

What is the significance of the LHC?

Answer 36

It is used to collide particles at high energies to explore fundamental physics.

Question 37

What is the main purpose of particle accelerators?

Answer 37

To accelerate charged particles to high speeds for collisions.