Particles

Question 1

Copper-63 is 69.2% abundant and Copper-65 is 30.8%. Calculate the relative atomic mass of copper to 1 d.p.

Answer 1

(69.2 * 63 + 30.8 * 65) / 69.2 + 30.8 = 6361.69 / 100 = 63.6169
63.6 (1 d.p.)

Question 2

How do solids become a liquid?

Answer 2

Once the particles get enough energy (usually by being heated) they break free of their bonds and can move freely, becoming a liquid

Question 3

How do you calculate the atomic mass?

Answer 3

Number of protons + neutrons

Question 4

how do you calculate the atomic number?

Answer 4

number of protons or electrons

Question 5

How do you work out the relative atomic mass of an element?

Answer 5

sum of (isotope abundance*mass) / sum of abundance of all isotopes (usually 100)

Question 6

How does a liquid become a gas?

Answer 6

The liquid particles gain energy(usually from heat) and vibrate faster, eventually they gain enough energy to overcome all intermolecular forces and become a gas

Question 7

How much bigger is the radius of the atom than the radius of the nucleus?

Answer 7

the radius of the nucleus is 10,000 times smaller than the radius of the nucleus

Question 8

In liquids, the particles have ______ forces of attraction.

Answer 8

weak

Question 9

Liquids have a _____ volume, but can change _____ to fit a container.

Answer 9

definite, shape

Question 10

solids have a definite _____ and _____ because the particles are fixed in place

Answer 10

shape, volume

Question 11

The particles have _____ forces of attraction in solids.

Answer 11

strong

Question 12

Unlike solids, in a liquid the particles can _____

Answer 12

move

Question 13

What 3 subatomic particles make up an atom?

Answer 13

Proton, Neutron and Electron

Question 14

What are 3 issues with the particle model?

Answer 14

1) Does not show correct size of particles
2) Particles aren’t necassarily spheres
3) Doesn’t include intermolecular forces

Question 15

What charge does an atom have?

Answer 15

No charge, and atom is neutral

Question 16

What did Ernest Rutherford do and when?

Answer 16

he made the nuclear model in1909

Question 17

What did J.J.Thomson do and when?

Answer 17

He made the plum pudding model in 1897

Question 18

What did John Dalton say about atoms and when?

Answer 18

He said that they were solid spheres in the 1800s

Question 19

What did Niels Bohr do and when?

Answer 19

He discovered elctron shells in 1913

Question 20

What happens to an atom if it loses or gains electrons?

Answer 20

it becomes charged and an ion

Question 21

What happens to the particles in a solid when it is heated up?

Answer 21

they gain energy and vibrate faster

Question 22

What happens when a gas is heated up in a non-expandable container?

Answer 22

The pressure of the container increases

Question 23

What happens when a gas is heated up in an expandable container?

Answer 23

The volume of the container expands

Question 24

What is a negative ion called?

Answer 24

anion

Question 25

What is a positive ion called?

Answer 25

Cation

Question 26

What is avogadro's constant?

Answer 26

6.02*10^23

Question 27

What is different about isotopes of atoms?

Answer 27

they have the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons.

Question 28

What is relative atomic mass?

Answer 28

The average mass of all othe isotopes of that element

Question 29

What is the charge of electrons?

Answer 29

-1

Question 30

What is the charge of Neutrons?

Answer 30

0

Question 31

What is the charge of Protons?

Answer 31

+1

Question 32

What is the difference between ions and atoms?

Answer 32

Ions have a charge

Question 33

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Answer 33

in a chemical reaction, atoms cannot be created, destroyed or changed, but their arragements can change.

Question 34

What is the melting point?

Answer 34

the melting point is a temperature (or range) in which solid particles break bonds and become liquid.

Question 35

What is the relative mass of Electrons?

Answer 35

1/1836

Question 36

What is the relative mass of Neutrons?

Answer 36

1

Question 37

What is the relative mass of Protons?

Answer 37

1

Question 38

What is the rough radius of an atom?

Answer 38

0.1 nm

Question 39

What is the valence shell?

Answer 39

the outer shell on any atom.

Question 40

What subatomic particle did Ernest Rutherford discover?

Answer 40

the Proton

Question 41

What subatomic particle did James Chadwick discover?

Answer 41

the Neutron

Question 42

What type of structure do solids form?

Answer 42

regular lattice structure

Question 43

Which is the only electron shell that can be used in reactions?

Answer 43

The valence or outer shell.

Question 44

Who discovered electron shells and when?

Answer 44

Niels Bohr in 1913

Question 45

Who discovered protons?

Answer 45

Ernest Rutherford

Question 46

Who discovered the neutron?

Answer 46

James Chadwick

Question 47

Who had the earliest atomic theory ever recorded and when was it?

Answer 47

Democritus, 500 B.C.

Question 48

Who made the nuclear model and when?

Answer 48

Ernest Ritherford in 1909

Question 49

Who made the plum pudding model and when?

Answer 49

J.J.Thomson in 1897

Question 50

Who said that atoms were solid spheres and when?

Answer 50

John Dalton in the 1800s