Particles

Question 1

What are the exchange particles for the strong nuclear force

Answer 1

Pions for nucleons
Gluons for quarks

Question 2

What are the exchange particles for the weak nuclear force

Answer 2

W+, W-, W0 (boson)

Question 3

What is the exchange particle for the electromagnetic force

Answer 3

(Virtual) Photon

Question 4

What is the exchange particle for gravity

Answer 4

Graviton (not confirmed)

Question 5

What is meant by the term, exchange particle

Answer 5

A short life virtual particle used to transmit the fundamental forces between particles at a distance

Question 6

What is a gauge boson

Answer 6

An exchange particle that mediates the four fundamental interactions / forces

Question 7

What particles does the strong nuclear force affect

Answer 7

Hadrons

Question 8

What particles does the weak nuclear force affect

Answer 8

All particles (distinctively leptons)

Question 9

What particles does the electromagnetic force affect

Answer 9

Charged particles

Question 10

What particles does gravity affect

Answer 10

Particles with mass

Question 11

State what happens when a particle collides with its antiparticle

Answer 11

• The particle anialhalte
• The Kinetic and Rest energies are converted to two photons
• The two photos travel in opposite directions to conserve momentum

Question 12

Are leptons affected by the strong nuclear force

Answer 12

No, the strong force only affects hadrons

Question 13

What force causes beta decay

Answer 13

The weak nuclear force.
Since a neutron changes from a neutron to a proton.

Question 14

Range of strong nuclear force

Answer 14

repulsive less than 0.5 fm
Attractive up to 3 fm

Question 15

Range of the weak nuclear force

Answer 15

10x10^-18 m
(0.001 fm)

Question 16

How are anti-electron neutrinos detected

Answer 16

VERY large tank of water
Anti-electron Neutrino interacts with a proton within water
Anti-electron Neutrino is converted to a POSITRON (to conserve lepton number)
The positron almost immediately annihilates with an electron in the water
this produces two photons which can be detected by detectors surrounding the pool.

Question 17

How can Ionising radiation be detected

Answer 17

*GM tube
*Cloud Chamber

Question 18

Explain the principles of a cloud chamber

Answer 18

Cloud chamber is filled with super saturated vapor

When radiation passes through, the air is ionised

this acts as a seed for condensation

causing wispy trails of vapor where the radiation passed through