Particles

Question 1

Topic Markers

Answer 1

• -은: Preceeding noun ends in a consonant
• -는: Preceeding nouns in a vowel

Question 2

Subject particles

Answer 2

• -이: Preceeding noun ends in a consonant
• -가: Preceeding noun ends in a vowel

Question 3

Object particle

Answer 3

• -을: When the last syllable ends woth a consonant.
• -를: When the last syllable ends in a vowel.

Question 4

Location particles

Answer 4

• -에: Time/Location. It can express where you are or were at, where you are going, or where something is. And for time, it can express the time or day something happens.
• -에서: Location + where action is/took place
• -으로: Direction + other
• -로: Direction + other
• -부터: Start
• -까지: Until

Question 5

Linking particles

Answer 5

• -과: and/with/as with (consonant, formal)
• -와: and/with/as with (vowel, formal)
• -이랑: and/with/as with (consonant, informal)
• -랑: and/with/as with (used after vowel, informal)
• -하고: and/with/as with
• -고: Connective that connects two actions happening one after another into one sentennce. Attached to either an action or descriptive verb.)

Question 6

Plural particle

Answer 6

• -들
• Used soley for people
• Often omitted when context is clear.

Question 7

Possessive particle

Answer 7

• -의: equivalent to ‘s, attached to person who possesses the object.

Question 8

Difference between 은/는 and 이/가
(Topic markers vs Subject particles)

Answer 8

• -이/가 is used to state a specific fact while -은/는 is used to state a general one.
• -이/가 is used for introducing new information. After the subject has been declared and is known to those involved in the conversation, -은/는 is used more often.
• -은/는 is used solely to describe someone’s profession or nationality and to describe someone or yourself. This does not apply to -이/가. -은/는 are markers used with descriptive sentences.
• When describing what you or someone else will do, it’s better to use -이/가. -이/가 are subject particles to use with actions.

Question 9

‘Only’ particle

Answer 9

• -만
• Attached to nouns.

Question 10

‘Giving’ someone something particles

Answer 10

• -게/에게/한터

Question 11

Also/too particle

Answer 11

--도

Question 12

Example sentences: Topic markers

Answer 12

• “우리 선생님은 미국인이에요.” (Our teacher is American.)
• “저는 학생이에요.” (I am a student.)
• “어제는 더웠어요. 오늘은 추워요.” (Yesterday, it was hot. Today it is cold.)

Question 13

Example sentences: Subject Particles

Answer 13

• “가방이 무거워요.” (The bag is heavy.)
• “누가 주문할 거예요?” (Who is going to order?)

Question 14

Example sentences: Object Particles

Answer 14

• “저는 책을 읽었어요.” (I read a book.)
• “새 옷을 입으니까 기분이 좋아요.”
• “주말에 친구와 영화를 볼 거예요.” (I’m going to watch a film with my friend at the weekend.)
• “바나나를 먹어요!” (Eat a banana!)

Question 15

Example sentences: Location Particles

Answer 15

• “저는 학교에 있어요.” (I am at school.)
• “우리 월요일에 부산에 갈 거에요.” (We will go to Busan on Monday.)
• “카페에서 숙제를 했어요.” (I did my homework at the cafe.)
• “저는 영국에서 왔어요.” (I am from England.)
• ”