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particles and elements Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

element

A

a substance that cannot be broken down into anything simpler

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2
Q

mixture

A

two or more substances mixed

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3
Q

compound

A

two or more element
that are chemically combined

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4
Q

air

A

mixture of elements and compounds

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5
Q

protons

A

a small charged particle of matter found in the atoms of all elements

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6
Q

mass

A

the amount of matter

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7
Q

neutrons

A

a subatomic particle, like a proton and electron, that makes up the nucleus of an atom

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8
Q

electrons

A

a subatomic particle that is found in all atoms

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9
Q

subatomic

A

a particle which is smaller than an atom in size

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10
Q

what is a melting point

A

when a solid is changeable to a liquid

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11
Q

what is a bioling piont

A

when a liquid is changing to a gas

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12
Q

independent variable

A

changing

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13
Q

dependent variable

A

measuaring

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14
Q

control variable

A

stays the same

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15
Q

what is diffusion

A

it is the movement of a fluid from a place where it is highly concentrated , to a place where it is less concentrated

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16
Q

when does diffusion occur

A

it is mostly occured in gases and liquid

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17
Q

what does highly concentrated mean

A

that it has more particles and less concentrated means the opposite

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18
Q

what does brownian motion describe

A

the random motion of the paticles in a fluid as they bump

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19
Q

why do helium ballons float uppwards

A

air is denser than helium which is why helium balloons float upwards while air filled ones float downwards

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20
Q

density meaning

A

how heavy it if for its size

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21
Q

mas divide volume

A

density

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22
Q

density times volume

A

mass

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23
Q

mass divide density

A

volume

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24
Q

what does an element contain

A

it contains 1 type of atom the atoms occur individually or bonded together to form molecule of that element

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25
what is a compound
a substance containing at least 2 difernt elements that are chemically bonded together
26
what is a mixture
it contains at least 2 different substances that are not chemically bonded
27
notes on physical changes
involves rearranging particles , individul particles do not change in any way , reversible
28
29
What is the smallest unit of matter?
An atom.
30
True or False: Atoms can be divided into smaller particles.
True.
31
Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains ______ and ______.
protons; neutrons.
32
What are negatively charged particles in an atom called?
Electrons.
33
Which particle has a positive charge?
Proton.
34
What is the charge of a neutron?
Neutral.
35
What is the atomic number of an element?
The number of protons in its nucleus.
36
True or False: All elements have the same number of electrons as protons.
True.
37
What do we call a substance made of only one type of atom?
Element.
38
Which of the following is a noble gas: Helium, Oxygen, or Carbon?
Helium.
39
What is the periodic table?
A chart that organizes all known elements by their atomic number.
40
Fill in the blank: Elements in the same column of the periodic table are called ______.
Groups.
41
What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?
A compound is made of two or more elements chemically combined, while a mixture is a combination of substances that are not chemically bonded.
42
What is an ion?
An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons.
43
True or False: Metals are typically good conductors of electricity.
True.
44
What are the three main states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
45
Fill in the blank: The state of matter with a definite shape and volume is ______.
Solid.
46
Which state of matter has particles that are far apart and move freely?
Gas.
47
What is a molecule?
Two or more atoms bonded together.
48
What is the primary component of air?
Nitrogen.
49
True or False: All metals are solid at room temperature.
False.
50
What is a chemical symbol?
A one or two-letter representation of an element.
51
What do we call the horizontal rows in the periodic table?
Periods.
52
Fill in the blank: The number of neutrons can be found by subtracting the atomic number from the ______.
mass number.
53
What is an example of a diatomic molecule?
Oxygen (O2).
54
True or False: The atomic mass of an element is the average mass of all its isotopes.
True.
55
What is a valence electron?
An electron in the outermost shell of an atom.
56
What do we call elements that have properties of both metals and non-metals?
Metalloids.
57
Fill in the blank: The most abundant element in the universe is ______.
Hydrogen.
58
What is an isotope?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
59
True or False: Non-metals are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity.
True.
60
What is the term for a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances?
Element.
61
What are alkali metals?
The group of elements in the first column of the periodic table.
62
Fill in the blank: The center of an atom is called the ______.
nucleus.
63
What is the significance of the atomic number in identifying an element?
It uniquely identifies the element.
64
True or False: Elements can exist in different forms called allotropes.
True.
65
What is a compound?
A substance formed when two or more elements chemically bond together.
66
Fill in the blank: The chemical formula for water is ______.
H2O.
67
What is the main characteristic of noble gases?
They are inert and do not easily react with other elements.
68
What is the primary difference between ionic and covalent bonds?
Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons, while covalent bonds involve sharing electrons.
69
True or False: All elements are found naturally on Earth.
False.
70
What is a chemical reaction?
A process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.

chemistry (2 decks)

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