Particles and Radiation

Question 1

How does a strong nuclear force graph look like?

Answer 1

0 to 0.5fm repulsion
0.5 to 3fm attraction

Question 2

What happens to proton number for beta-minus decay

Answer 2

plus 1

Question 3

What acts on strong nuclear and what exchange particle

Answer 3

acts on Hadrons and gluons

Question 4

What is the equation for electron capture? and exchange particle?

Answer 4

p + e- —–> n + Ve
W+

Question 5

What is the equation for beta-plus decay and exchange particle?

Answer 5

p —–> n + e+ + Ve
W+

Question 6

What is the equation for beta-minus decay and exchange particle?

Answer 6

n —-> p + e- + Ve (anti)
W-

Question 7

What are fundamental particles? Leptons or Hadrons

Answer 7

Leptons

Question 8

What do muons decay into?

Answer 8

electrons

Question 9

What is the stable baryon?

Answer 9

proton

Question 10

Strange particles are produced by and decayed by

Answer 10

produced by strong nuclear
decayed by weak interaction

Question 11

Kaon decay into? and what interaction?

Answer 11

pions via weak interactions

Question 12

What is the strangeness of all pions

Answer 12

0

Question 13

What is the strangeness of kaon 0

Answer 13

+1

Question 14

What is the strangeness of kaon +

Answer 14

+1

Question 15

What is the strangeness of kaon -

Answer 15

-1

Question 16

kaons always have what quark

Answer 16

strange quark

Question 17

Photon model of light suggested that? (EM, photon

Answer 17

*EM waves travel in photons where energy is directly proportional to frequency

*Each electron absorb a single photon (only emitted if above threshold frequency)

Question 18

What is stopping potential?

Answer 18

Potential difference applied across metal to stop photoelectron with maximum energy

Question 19

What is stopping potential?

Answer 19

Potential difference applied across metal to stop photoelectron with maximum energy

Question 20

Describe the florescent coating?

Answer 20

1. Voltage accelerates free electron which collide with mercury atoms causing them to ionise. Releasing more free electrons.
2. Free electrons collide with mercury atoms causing them to excite and then de-excite to release UV photon.
3. Fluorescent coating absorb photons make its electron to excite and de-excite and release photons of visible light.

Question 21

What happens when the momentum increased? (de-Broglie and concentric rings)

Answer 21

wavelength decreases, amount of diffraction decreases so concentric rings become closer

Question 22

How to calculate free electrons after collision ( energy levels )

Answer 22

E1 -E2. Difference to get the remaining

Question 23

What is the difference between absorption and emission spectrum?

Answer 23

⭐ photons are energy carriers
⭐ In absorption, the electrons get excited to a higher energy level (by absorbing photons)
⭐ In emission, the electrons gets de-excite to a lower energy level (by emitting photons)

Question 24

Why the distribution of kinetic energy proves the existence of antineutrinos

Answer 24

b particles have a range of kinetic energy

fixed amount of energy is released that shows that another particles carries energy differences

Question 25

What happens to the excess energy when photon energy is greater than minimum energy?

Answer 25

converts to kinetic energy

Question 26

State a property that defines hadron

Answer 26

experiences strong nuclear force

Question 27

What is ionisation energy?

Answer 27

Minimum energy required to remove an electron from atom from ground state

Question 28

differences between positron and electron antineutrino

Answer 28

⭐positron is charged whereas antineutrino is neutral ⭐ The antineutrino only interacts in weak whereas positron interacts electromagnetic ⭐ antineutrino has short range compared to positron

Question 29

what is the quark structure of kaon 0

Answer 29

d s(anti)

Question 30

does muon experience strong nuclear force

Answer 30

no

Question 31

why does the frequency of radiation must be greater than certain value

Answer 31

energy of photon is proportional to frequency there is minimum energy required to overcome the work function and emit photoelectrons