Particles And Waves

Question 1

What makes up hadrons ?

Answer 1

Quarks

Question 2

What are baryons made up of ?

Answer 2

3 quarks eg protons,neutrons

Question 3

Mesons are made up of ?

Answer 3

2 quarks (a quark and an anti-quark) eg pions, kaons

Question 4

A strong force holds ?

Answer 4

quarks together and also holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus

Question 5

Beta decay is caused by ?

Answer 5

The weak force and is evidence of the neutrino

Question 6

Anti-matter particles are identical to ?

Answer 6

Their corresponding matter particles except charge

Question 7

Matter + corresponding anti-matter=

Answer 7

Annihilation

Question 8

Electric field lines point

Answer 8

From positive to negative

Question 9

A charged particle will accelerate in an electric field because ?

Answer 9

It’s experiences an unbalanced force

Question 10

Gain in kinetic energy =

Answer 10

Work done by electric field

Question 11

Like charges

Answer 11

Repel

Question 12

Opposite charges

Answer 12

Attract

Question 13

Potential difference (voltage)

Answer 13

Is the number of joules of energy per coulomb of charge

Question 14

A moving charges particle

Answer 14

Will produce a magnetic field

Question 15

Magnetic field

Answer 15

Lines point from north to south

Question 16

Nuclear fission

Answer 16

Big nucleus splitting into smaller parts

Question 17

Induced/ simulated fission

Answer 17

Usually caused by neutron bombardment

Question 18

Spontaneous fission

Answer 18

Random event, no external trigger

Question 19

Nuclear fusion

Answer 19

Smaller parts combining to make a more massive nucleus

Question 20

The products of a nuclear reaction have

Answer 20

Less mass than the particles did before

Question 21

The high temperatures required in a fusion reactor lead to

Answer 21

Coolant and containment issues

Question 22

The photoelectric effect is proof that

Answer 22

Light is a partial

Question 23

Interference is the proof that

Answer 23

Light is a wave

Question 24

The work function of a metal is

Answer 24

The minimum energy required to cause photoemission

Question 25

The threshold

Answer 25

Minimum frequency of incident to cause photoemission

Question 26

Constructive interference is when?

Answer 26

Two coherent waves meet in phase (ie crest meets crest and trough meets trough) they combine to produce a maximum

Question 27

Destructive interference is when

Answer 27

Two coherent waves meet exactly out of phase (ie crest meets trough and trough meets crest) the cancel out producing a minimum

Question 28

Path difference is

Answer 28

The difference in the length of two paths the waves take

Question 29

0,1,2,3 wave difference

Answer 29

Maxima / constructive interference

Question 30

1/2, 1^1/2, 2^1/2 wavelength difference

Answer 30

Minima / destructive interference

Question 31

In terms of diffraction grating D is

Answer 31

The spacing between consecutive lines ie 300 lines per mum means d=1/300 000m

Question 32

In terms of diffraction grating theta is

Answer 32

The angle between the centre maximum and the maximum you are considering

Question 33

Absolute refractive index of a medium is

Answer 33

The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the medium

Question 34

The critical angle of a medium is

Answer 34

The angle of incidence inside the medium which results in a refracted angle of 90° in a vacuum

Question 35

Total internal reflection occurs when

Answer 35

The angle of incidence inside the medium is greater that the critical angle

Question 36

Irradiance of radiation is

Answer 36

The power per unit area ie the number of watts per square metre incident on a surface

Question 37

From a point force

Answer 37

Irradiance follows the inverse square law ie if the distance is doubled (x2) then the irradiance will quarter

Question 38

Line emission spectra are produced as

Answer 38

Each electron that falls from a high energy level to a lower level will result in specific energy and therefore frequency/wavelength/colour of photon

Question 39

Absorption spectra occurs when

Answer 39

The atoms absorb specific energies of photons and the electrons move up to the relevant levels.

Question 40

Coherent waves mean

Answer 40

Constant phase difference (same frequency)