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OOW Oral Study > Passage Planning > Flashcards

Passage Planning Flashcards

1
Q

What is APEM?

A

Appraisal (Gather all information related to voyage)

Planning (Lay out the voyage)

Execution (Execute, review, change if required)

Monitoring (Monitor the passage by all available resources)

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2
Q

What should be on a passage plan?

A

ETD
ETA
Route
Fuel / Stores
Speed
Tidal information
Stops or deviations
Guests demands
Weather
Stability criteria
Safe havens
Company navigation policy / SMS

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3
Q

Which publications are good to use for passage planning?

A

Chart Catalogue
Charts
Ocean Passages of The World
Routeing Charts
Weather Routeing Charts
Admiralty Sailing Directions
Admiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals
Admiralty List of Radio Signals
Tide Tables
Tidal Stream Atlas
Notices to Mariners
Admiralty Distance Tables
Ships Routeing
Navigational Warnings
Mariner’s Handbook
Nautical almanac
Ship Data / Manoeuvring Booklet
Owners and other sources
Personal Experience / Previous Plans

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4
Q

Where should a passage plan go from/to?

A

Berth to berth

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5
Q

What should be planned on the chart?

A

No go areas
Waypoints
Courses + course notations
Distances
XTD / Margins of safety
Planned speeds
Position fixing methods
Position fixing intervals
Calling points (VTS)
Navigation hazards
Slow down points / S.B.E
Abort lines
Contingency Anchorages / Safe havens
Parallel Indexes
Change of chart points
Equipment checks (echo sounder)
Currents

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6
Q

Benefits of weather routeing information?

A

Increased safety
Better conditions for cargo and crew
Fuel and time savings
Reduced costs overall

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7
Q

What would I do in the appraisal stage?

A

Get all in the information regarding the voyage

Navigational
General / operational
Environmental
Contingency

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8
Q

What is the navigational information in the appraisal stage?

A

Advice in the sailing directions
Availability and adequacy of charts and reliability of hydrographic data
Availability and reliability of navigation aids
Available sea room and traffic density
Pilotage requirements
Draught restrictions, UKC requirements
Position fixing requirements
Weather routing
Routeing and reporting measures
Reliability of propulsion and steering systems and defects affecting the control or navigation of the ship

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9
Q

What is the general information in the appraisal stage?

A

Berth requirements
Bridge manning

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10
Q

What is the operational information in the appraisal stage?

A

Helicopter operations
Mooring and tug operations
Port entry requirements
Security and anti-piracy measures

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11
Q

What is the environmental information in the appraisal stage?

A

Emission control areas (ECA)
MARPOL special areas
Garbage disposal
Port reception facilities

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12
Q

What is the contingency information in the appraisal stage?

A

Emergency response plans
Notifications and reporting
Passage plan amendments

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13
Q

What is the objective of a passage plan?

A

Safety of life at sea, safety and efficiency of navigation and protection of the marine
environment.

“The safest and most economical passage between two ports”

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14
Q

What do you need to consider when setting UKC?

A

Squat due to shallow water effect
Heeling (due to wind or turning and pitching movement
Reliability of chartered depth
Predicted tidal levels
Areas of mobile bottom
Accuracy of actual draught (due to cargo changes)
Reduced depths over pipelines or other obstructions

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15
Q

What would I do in the planning stage?

A

Lay out the voyage

No go areas
Waypoints
Courses + course notations
Distances
XTD / Margins of safety
Planned speeds
Position fixing methods
Position fixing intervals
Calling points (VTS)
Navigation hazards
Slow down points / S.B.E
Abort lines
Contingency Anchorages / Safe havens
Parallel Indexes
Change of chart points
Equipment checks (echo sounder)
Currents
Turn radiuses
Wheel over positions

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16
Q

What’s the OOW’s role in the monitoring phase?

A

THREE Ps

PEOPLE
Fully licensed officers shall be on the bridge at all times
Shall be fit for duty (not under the influence of alcohol, drugs or fatigue and medically fit)
There shall be sufficient personnel for navigational workload
The officer shall have done a company familiarisation in the bridge
During the hours of darkness you must have a lookout and the lookout should have a navigational watchkeeping certificate
The bridge personnel shall have mariners english

PROCEDURES
The OOW has overall safety of vessel, people onboard, the environment and others around you
We should monitor the vessel along her intended track, ensuring we don’t run into danger
Comply with COLREGS (mainly 7 & 8)
Maintain a safe radio watch, responding to all distress
Keep an internal lookout
Following SMS, companies- and masters standing orders
Monitoring the weather and processing weather and navigational warnings
Cross checking and monitor navigational equipment and responding to alarms
Displaying correct lights & signals
Comply with marpol
Make sure safety rounds are conducted
Ensuring that the vessel is reporting as required
Conducting proper handovers
Calling the master at appropriate times

PAPERWORK
Keep a complete record of everything that happened on your watch
GMDSS Logbook - all distress and summary of usage (and testing) shall be logged
Garbage record book
Magnetic compass book
Any ISM checklist

17
Q

What would I do in the execution stage?

A

Last minute considerations:

Reliability and condition of the vessels navigational equipment
Meteorological conditions, (weather information)
Traffic conditions
Estimated times of arrival at critical points
Daytime versus night-time passing off danger points and its effect on position fixing accuracy

18
Q

What is safety contour on ECDIS?

A

A specific depth contour set by ECDIS. It demarks the boundary between “safe-water” and shallow water with an extra wide isoline and is used to give an alarm if the ship, within a time specified by the mariner, is going to cross the safety
contour.

19
Q

What is safety depth on ECDIS?

A

Value set by the mariner that is used by ECDIS to portray soundings as black if they are equal to or shallower than the value and gray if they are deeper.

20
Q

How do you check a route on ECDIS?

A

ECDIS route scanning function as well as a visual inspection.

21
Q

How do you set safety depth on ECDIS?

A

Safety depth= Draught + UKC (including squat and a safety margin) - height of tide (HoT)

22
Q

When planning a passage on an ECDIS what should you do?

A

Be aware that the charted objects on an ENC are not more accurate or precisely
plotted than charted objects on the corresponding RNC or paper chart

Make sure that there is enough of a safety margin between charted hazards and the
ship’s intended route to allow for the accuracy and precision of charts.

OOW Oral Study (34 decks)

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