Passeriformes Flashcards
(27 cards)
1
Q
Passeriformes
A
Largest clade
most diverse clade
2
Q
New Zealand Wrens
A
Basal Family: Acanthisittidae
- 4 species
- lacks oscine syrinx
- endemic to New Zealand
3
Q
Tyrant Flycatchers
- Eastern Phoebe
- Eastern Kingbird*
A
Tyrannidae
- Sub Order Tyranni
- Insectivores
- New World
4
Q
Jays and Crows
- Blue Jay*
- American Crow*
A
Corvidae
- medium to large in size
- sturdy, straight, strong bill
- crows smaller than ravens
5
Q
Shrikes
-Northern Shrike
A
Laniidae
- bill sharp and hooked
- tooth in upper mandible and notch in lower
- often w/ black mask
- eat insects and small vertebrates
- often impail and store food on thorns or barbed wire
- Holarctic and Africa
6
Q
Vireos
-Red-eyed Vireo*
A
Vireonidae
- Green/brown/gray plumage
- arboreal; perch in trees
- sexes monomorphic
- New World
7
Q
Waxwings
-Cedar Waxwing*
A
Bombycillidae
- 8 spp; Holarctic
- appear silky.
- Crest
- Eats fruit and insects
- waxy red tips on wings
8
Q
Thrushes and allies
- Eastern Bluebird*
- American Robin*
- Wood Thrush*
A
Turdidiae
- omnivorous ground foragers
- pleasing, melodious song
- biparental care, monogamous, territorial
- 300 spp.- Worldwide
9
Q
Mockingbirds, Thrashers, and allies
- Northern Mockingbird*
- Gray Catbird
A
Mimidae
- slender thrush-like appearance
- long tails
- Mimics
- sing continuusly, both sexes sing
- New World
10
Q
Starlings and allies
-European Starling
A
Sturnidae
- plumage often iridescent black
- sharp, slightly curved bill
- many successful in human-altered environments
- polygynous, male incubates
- native to Old World
11
Q
Swallows and Martins
- Barn Swallow*
- Purple Martin
A
Hirundinidae
- Aerial Insectivore-sallying
- short, flattened bill
- long, pointed wings
- 89 spp. Worldwide
12
Q
Orioles and Blackbirds
- Eastern Meadowlark*
- B-H Cowbird*
- Baltimore Oriole*
- Red-winged Blackbird*
A
Icteridae
- long, slender, straight bills
- often glossy
- omnivorous
- 97 spp. New World
13
Q
Kinglets
-Golden-crowned Kinglet
A
Regulidae
- arboreal, insectivores, active
- tiny body, thin bill, bright crest
- 6 spp. Northern Hemi
14
Q
Gnatcatchers and Gnatwrens
-Blue-gray Gnatcatcher
A
Polioptilidae
- forest, scrub, edge habitats
- tiny body, slender pointed bill, bluish color
- insectivores, early breeders
- 17 spp. New World
15
Q
Wrens
- House Wren*
- Carolina Wren
A
Troglodytidae -insectivores; ground foragers -small body, brown barred plumage, bill decurved -tail short and often pointed up 90 spp. New World
16
Q
Nuthatches
-White-breasted Nuthatch*
A
Sittidae
- treetrunk foragers. chisel bill, climb downwrads on trunk for small insects and seeds
- deciduous woodlands
- Holarctic and SE asia
17
Q
Creepers
-Brown Creeper
A
Certhiidae
- treetrunk foragers; stiff tail for upward, spiral climbing support
- streaked brown plumage
- decurved slender bill
18
Q
Chickaees, Tits, and Titmice
- Tufted Titmouse*
- Black-capped Chickadee*
A
Paridae
- small body, short strong bill
- unstreaked plumage, rictal bristles
- mixed flocks in winter, active
- NA, Eurasia, Africa
19
Q
Larks
-Horned Lark
A
Alaudidae
- ground foragers and nesters
- long, straight claws
- farmland, shrubland, grassland
- Africa and Eurasia
20
Q
Old World Sparrows
-House Sparrow
A
Passeridae
- granivorous. thick short bills
- cryptic brown plumage
- well-adapted to urban environments
- native to Old World
21
Q
Pipits and Wagtails
A
Matacillidae
- walk quickly and constantly bob tail
- long, slim bodies and long tails
- open habitats
- insectivores
- 65 spp. Worldwide
22
Q
Finches
- House Finch*
- American Goldfinch*
- Evening Grosbeak*
- Red Crossbill
A
Fringillidae
- seed-eaters; thick conical bills
- string skulls, large jaw muscles, powerful gizzards
- sexually dimorphic
- WW except Australia/Antarctica
23
Q
Cardinals and allies
- Indigo Bunting*
- Northern Cardinal*
A
Cardinalidae
- unstreaked plumage
- sexually dimorphic
- thick conical bill
- New World
24
Q
New World Sparrows
- Chipping Sparrow*
- White-throated Sparrow
- Dark-eyed Junco*
- Song Sparrow*
A
Emberizidae
- conical, stout bills
- seed splitters and crackers
- streaked, cryptic, brown plumage
- diverse habitats
25
Tanagers
| -Scarlet Tanager*
Thraupidae
- swollen bill, toothed upper mandible
- bright, sexually dimorphic plumage
- omnivorous, arboreal, migratory
- mainly Tropical New World
26
Longspurs and Buntings
| -Snow Bunting
Calcariidae
- migratory
- grassland, tundra, farmland,
- ground foragers
- 6 spp. Holarctic
27
New World Warblers
- American Redstart*
- Black-throated Blue Warbler
- Black and White Warbler
- Chestnut-sided Warbler*
Parulidae
- diverse. 125 spp, New World
- small, slender bill
- eat insectes, seeds, berries
- bright plumage
- sexually dimorphic
- Very active
