Passive & Active Exercises Flashcards
(16 cards)
Key benefits of exercise
Improves balance & coordination
Increases muscle strength/power/tone
Explain the Oxford scale
0 =. O contraction
1 = flicker of a contraction
2 = full range active movement without gravity
3 = full range of active movement against gravity
4 = full range of active movement against light resistance
5 = normal function/full range
Limitations of the Oxford scale
Lack of function relevance
Patients variability with time
Degree of subjectivity
Assessing muscle acting only concentrically
What exercises do you give to someone with a 0-1 strength
Passive exercises
What exercises do you give someone with a 1-2 strength
Active assisted exercise
What exercise do you give someone with a 3-4 strength
Active exercise
What exercise do you give someone with a 4-5 strength
Resisted exercise
What exercises do you give all patients
Functional exercise
Name the 3 types of passive exercise
Manual relaxed passive movement without gravity = performed by physio
Auto-relaxed passive movement = performed by patient themselves
Mechanical relaxed passive movement = performed by a machine
Effects of passive movement
PREVENT CONTRACTURES
Maintain integrity of soft tissue
Increase venous return
Maintain functional movement patterns
Reduce pain
Effects of active assisted exercise
Maintain physiological elasticity & cintractility of the participating muscles
Provide sensory feedback
Increase circulation
Develop coordination & motor skills
Define strength
Ability of contractile tissue to produce tension & resultant force based on the demands placed on the muscle
What is strength training
Increased amount of resistance
High resistance f low number of repetitions
What is power
Work produced by a muscle per unit of time
Power training = increase speed of an exercise
What is endurance
Ability to perform low intensity p, repeat or sustain per activity over prolonged period of time
Endurance training = low resistance & high number of reps
Principles of strength training
Overload = strength & endurance training
Specificity = function, strength or endurance & range
Motivation
Learning
Reversibility
Diminishing returns
Age & gender
