Passive Transport

Question 1

Solute

Answer 1

A substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution.

Substance to be dissolved

Question 2

Solvent

Answer 2

Fluid such as water that dissolves solutes.

Substance doing the dissolving

Question 3

Diffusion

Answer 3

Movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration of water to an area of lower concentration of water across a differentially permeable membrane.

Question 4

Osmosis

Answer 4

Movement of WATER from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration of water across a differentially permeable membrane.

Question 5

Isotonic Solution

Answer 5

Referring to a solution that when surrounding a cell has no effect on the passage of water into or out of the cell.

(Solute and solvent concentrations are equal)

Question 6

Hypotonic Solution

Answer 6

Referring to a solution that when surrounding the cell will causes the cell to take up water.

(Solution with less solute (more water))

Question 7

Hypertonic Solution

Answer 7

Referring to a solution that when surrounding the cell will cause the cell to lose water.

(Solution with more solute (less water))

Question 8

Animal cell in Hypotonic solution is…

Answer 8

Lysed (process if exploding cells).

Question 9

Plant cell in a hypotonic solution is…

Answer 9

Turgid

Normal (so that the plant can stand up against gravity)

Question 10

Animal cell in a isotonic solution is…

Answer 10

Normal

Question 11

Plant cell in a isotonic solution is…

Answer 11

Flaccid (this is when the plant wilts)

Question 12

Animal cell in a hypertonic solution is…

Answer 12

Shriveled

Question 13

Plant cell in a hypertonic solution is…

Answer 13

Plasmolyzed

Question 14

If a cell in a beaker is composed of 1% NaCl, and the beaker is filled with a 5% NaCl solution, where will the water move? What will happen to the cell?

Answer 14

The water will move out of the cell.

The cell will shrivel up.

Question 15

A first cellulose bag is filled with 90% water and 10% starch. It is sitting is a beaker with a 100% water solution in it. Which way will the water move? What kind of solution does the beaker contain relative to the bag’s contents?

Answer 15

The water will move into the bag.

The solution is a hypotonic solution.

Question 16

A second cellulose bag is filled with 90% water and 10% starch. It is sitting is a beaker with a 80% water and 20% starch solution in it. Which way will the water move? What kind of solution does the beaker contain relative to the bag’s contents? What will eventually happen to the concentrations in the beaker?

Answer 16

The water will move out of the bag.
The solution is a hypertonic solution
The concentrations will reach dynamic equilibrium.

Question 17

How does active transport work?

Answer 17

It uses cellular energy (ATP) and moves molecules from low to high concentration (against the concentration gradient).

Question 18

What is facilitated diffusion?

Answer 18

Spontaneous passage of molecules or ions across a biologic membrane with the assistance of specific transmembrane transport proteins. It does NOT use cellular energy.

Question 19

What is the difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?

Answer 19

Active transport uses cellular energy to move molecules from low to high concentration. Facilitated diffusion does not use energy and moves molecules from high to low concentration.

Question 20

What is the function of the sodium potassium pump?

Answer 20

To pump sodium out of the cell and pump potassium into the cell.

Question 21

Why is the diagram of the cell called the Fluid Mosaic Model?

Answer 21

Fluid: The plasma membrane is semi fluid because chloresterol regulates its fluidity.
Mosaic: Different pieces and colors of a mosaic with the proteins attached to the top and through the plasma membrane.