passmed

Question 1

at what aortic gradient is aortic valve replacement considered

Answer 1

50mmHg

Question 2

what should be started alongside methotrexate

Answer 2

folic acid

Question 3

what is commonly given for nephrotic syndrome

Answer 3

furosemide

Question 4

what common medication needs to be stopped before a scan with contrast

Answer 4

metformin

Question 5

how to calculate serum osmolality

Answer 5

(2 x Na) + urea + glucose

Question 6

what is the initial abx of choice for MRSA cellulitis

Answer 6

vancomycin

Question 7

what does sudden onset vision loss, presence of afferent pupilllary defect and red spot on fundoscopy (cherry red spot) suggest?

Answer 7

central retinal artery occlusion

Question 8

what marker best demonstrates the restoration of liver synthetic function

Answer 8

PT

Question 9

what can ethambutol (anti-TB) cause

Answer 9

optic neuritis (needs monitoring of visual acuity)

Question 10

what diametres of AAA require what treatment

Answer 10

3-4.4 cm = USS yearly
4.5-5.4 = USS every 3m
>5.5 = surgery

Question 11

what drug can cause ankle swelling

Answer 11

CCB - amlodipine

Question 12

what is the presence of a rash with folliculitis on the chest a prominent feature of

Answer 12

late stage HIV

Question 13

what is strep pneumoniae

Answer 13

gram positive cocci arranged in pairs

Question 14

what is the most appropriate management for neuropathic bladder in an MS patient

Answer 14

intermittent self catheterisation

Question 15

side effects of TB meds

Answer 15

Rifampicin can present with red/orange discolouration of urine (R=Red)
B. Isoniazid with peripheral neuropathy, (Per-isonaiaside- neuropathy)
C. Pyrazinamide with hyperuricaemia causing gout (Hy-pyraz-uracaemia)
D. Ethambutol affecting the eyes (colour blindness and visual acuity). (E=Eyes)

Question 16

what would you give for acute mania

Answer 16

olanzapine - acts as antipsychotic and sedative

Question 17

standard treatment for hepatic encephalopathy

Answer 17

lactulose - reduces amount of ammonia which can contribute to neuro symptoms

Question 18

what can be used to treat rattly breathing in palliative patients

Answer 18

hyoscine - antimuscarinic

Question 19

what virus is associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx

Answer 19

HPV

Question 20

what is the HUS triad

Answer 20

AKI, thrombocytopenia, normocytic anaemia

Question 21

what is penicillamine used for

Answer 21

copper chelating agent used in wilsons disease

Question 22

what is used to reverse heparin

Answer 22

protamine

Question 23

what is used to reverse a DOAC

Answer 23

beriplex

Question 24

what do these CSF findings suggest: cloudy/viscous, lymphocytes, hight protein, low glucose

Answer 24

TB meningitis

Question 25

what screening for BRCA 1 positive 31y/o

Answer 25

yearly MRI

Question 26

what imaging for primary sclerosing cholangitis

Answer 26

MRCP - magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography

Question 27

what is the blood culture collecting regime for infective endocarditis

Answer 27

three samples taken from different sites 6h apart

Question 28

treatment of sle

Answer 28

DMARD - hydroxychloroquine

Question 29

Virchows triad for venous thrombosis

Answer 29

hypercoagulability, blood stasis, endothelial damage

Question 30

what score for upper GI bleed

Answer 30

glasgow blatchford

Question 31

treatment of H.pylori

Answer 31

PPI, amoxicillin, clarithromycin

Question 32

test for h.pylori after treatemnt

Answer 32

urea breath test

Question 33

medication for prophylaxis in menieres disease

Answer 33

betahistine

Question 34

what is the licenced no. of hours these can be used after UPSI - copper IUD, ulipristal acetate, levonorgestrel

Answer 34

copper - 120 uli - 120 levo - 72

Question 35

3 screening tools for depression

Answer 35

PHQ-9 HADS BDI-II

Question 36

1st line medication for depression under 16

Answer 36

fluoxetine