passmed 16/05 Flashcards
Cerebral palsy how to manage pain and spasticity in legs?
oral diazepam
baclofen - muscle relaxant
inhibits release of excitatory neurotransmitters
spastic cerebral palsy where is the lesion?
UMN
spastic: hemiplegia, diplegia /quadriplegia
increase tone
athetoid movements and oro-motor problems - lip smacking etc is?
dyskinetic cerebral palsy
> damage to basal ganglia and substantia nigra
cerebereller signs in CP
ataxic
cerebellum damaged
how can you manage spasticity?
oral diazepam
intrathecal baclofem
botulinum toxin type a
orthopaedic surgery
tet of fallot what signifies severity?
degree of pulmonary stenosis
whichh is the right ventricular outflow obstruction determining cyanosis
TOF 4 defects are?
ventricular septal defect
right ventricular hypertrophy
right ventricular outflow obstruction(pulmonary stenosis)
overriding aorta
ebstein anomaly
tricuspid valve leaflets are attached to walls of and septum of right ventricle
lithium use in first trimester is risk fcator
characteristics of nephrotic syndrome?
proteinuria
hypoalbuminaemia
oedema
hyperlipidaemia
hypercoagulable state
predisposition to infection
continuous machinery murmur?
PDA
do innocent murmurs vary with position?
YES
if patient has a pulse of 30 bpm
do you start CPR?
if unconscious
yes
15 chest compression to 2 breaths
croup is caused by ?
what does it sound like?
management?
parainfluenza virus
barking cough - inspiratory stridor
give dexamethosone and if anything other than mild admit
intense paroxysmal cough followed by loud high pitched whopping sound?
hwo to manage?
whooping cough caused by bordetella pertussis
macrolide - 10 days
pyloric stenosis is the vomit bilious?
no it is not as it is from stomach - dummy
but meconium ileus > cystic fibrosis does have green vomit because it is small bowel obstruction
