Past And Present Connections EQ1 Flashcards
(14 cards)
What global influences do you think have shaped the characteristics of Wingrove?
-Migration (Post-WWII Migration Policy)» In the 1940s, the UK encouraged the immigration of nearly 1million people from former colonies such as India, Pakistan, and the West Indies to rebuild the economy after WWII. This led to Wingrove’s multicultural population today. Migration patterns have influenced the ethnic diversity, languages spoken, and the development of cultural institutions (e.g. religious centres, food shops) in the area.
-Globalisation and Industrial Decline
Explanation» Globalisation allowed manufacturing to move overseas where production is cheaper, causing a decline in local jobs. This led to economic restructuring in Wingrove, shifting employment towards service industries like call centres. It also contributed to unemployment, poverty cycles, and social inequality in some communities.
What international influences do you think have shaped the characteristics of Wingrove?
– EU Enlargement and FDI
Explanation: EU expansion in 1992 led to increased migration from Eastern Europe. Wingrove experienced a rise in EU migrants, changing the cultural and linguistic landscape
—The North East has benefited from £1.1 billion in inward FDI from EU members , improving infrastructure and creating new jobs.
What national influences do you think have shaped the characteristics of Wingrove?
-Thatcher’s Economic Policies
Explanation: In the 1980s, Thatcher’s policies closed coal mines and weakened trade unions, leading to high unemployment in the North East
-Wingrove’s identity shifted from industrial to post-industrial, with long-term effects on housing, income levels, and community cohesion.
-Before Brexit, the UK’s membership in the European Union enabled regions like the North East to bid for EU structural funds. Wingrove directly benefitted from EU money used to regenerate areas such as the Quayside, improving infrastructure and public spaces. This boosted the local economy and enhanced cultural life through improved amenities and tourism appeal
-It also reflected national decisions about economic partnerships and regional levelling-up, which shaped the opportunities available in previously declining urban areas.
What regional influences do you think have influenced the characteristics of Wingrove?
-Wingrove saw the rise of call centre clusters, employing twice the national average
-The two universities in Newcastle also bring over 45,000 students, with 1 in 15 homes now used for student accommodation. This creates seasonal population shifts, changes in local services, and rising rents, affecting long-term residents.
-Urban Regeneration: The £500 million regeneration of Westgate Road and earlier Quayside projects reflect how regional funding priorities have reshaped Wingrove’s built environment and economy. These changes bring new housing, transport, and business spaces, influencing demographic mix and cultural life.
What global influences do you think have shaped the characteristics of Llanmadoc?
-Llanmadoc’s peripheral location means it’s less connected to international transport networks. Despite nearby airports, it’s not widely advertised, leading to low international tourist numbers. This preserves traditional Welsh culture but limits economic diversification.
-low ethnic diversity:Due to its rural setting and lack of global connectivity, Llanmadoc has seen less in-migration from ethnically diverse groups. Up to 19% speak Welsh, highlighting strong cultural continuity and linguistic heritage.
What International influences do you think have shaped the characteristics of Llanmadoc?
-Fewer people now work in primary industries due to mechanisation and global competition
-This shift has led to population ageing as young people move away for jobs, affecting services, school enrolment, and community dynamic
What national influences do you think have shaped the characteristics of Llanmadoc?
-Around 70% of Llanmadoc homes are second homes. This pushes up property prices, making it hard for local youth to afford homes without parental support. It alters the population structure, increases seasonal fluctuation, and reduces full-time community presence
-The Conservative government promoted community-run services, like Llanmadoc’s volunteer-managed shop. This reflects national policy influencing how local services are delivered, encouraging civic participation but also highlighting funding shortfalls.
What regional influences do you think have shaped the characteristics of Llanmadoc?
-As a Designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB), Llanmadoc attracts domestic tourists to its cliffs, bays, and caravan parks. This supports local income but also causes service strain and seasonal employment patterns
-Lack of public services means locals rely on community efforts, such as the volunteer-run shop and pub. Supported by grants from the Welsh Development Agency, this highlights rural resilience but also reflects underinvestment in state services.
What are some past/present connections that have influenced Wingrove’s ethnic diversity?
-37% of Wingrove’s population is British Asian, compared to just 10% in wider Newcastle
-This high proportion can be traced to the UK’s 1940s Open Door policy, which allowed citizens from Commonwealth countries such as India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh to migrate and settle in Britain to help rebuild the economy after WWII
-These communities have since established strong cultural roots in Wingrove, shaping the area through places of worship, food businesses, and bilingual schools, making multiculturalism a defining feature of the area’s identity
What are some past/present connections that have influenced Wingrove’s student life?
-With Newcastle home to two major universities, around 45,000 students are enrolled in the city
-In Wingrove, this results in a concentrated student demographic, with one in every fifteen homes used for student accommodation – ten times the national average
-This link to regional educational investment has not only affected the age structure (more 18–25-year-olds), but also the cultural life of the area, with student cafés, late-night services, and diverse social norms becoming common
What are some past/present connections that have influenced Wingrove’s high Muslim population ?
-Census data shows that Wingrove has a Muslim population (38.6%) reflecting its historical ties to post-war migration from countries like Pakistan and Bangladesh
-These communities have established long-standing religious and cultural institutions, including mosques and Islamic schools
What are some past/present connections that have influenced Llanmadoc’s ethnic diversity?
-The vast majority of Llanmadoc’s residents are UK-born, with very low levels of ethnic diversity compared to national averages
-This is partly due to its rural, coastal location on the Gower Peninsula, which is less accessible and lacks the infrastructure or economic opportunities that typically attract international migrants
-The absence of global transport links and international tourism has preserved a more homogenous cultural makeup, with traditions, festivals, and community life rooted in local, long-standing heritage
What are some past/present connections that have influenced Llanmadoc’s religious diversity?
-Llanmadoc remains predominantly Christian, with few other religious affiliations recorded
-This is largely due to its limited in-migration, both from abroad and other parts of the UK, meaning there has been less exposure to religious diversity
-Churches remain central to community life and identity, with religious festivals, parish events, and Christian values continuing to influence local traditions, education, and social norms
What are some past/present connections that have influenced Llanmadoc’s religious diversity?
-Llanmadoc has a higher-than-average elderly population, reflecting a pattern common in many rural areas
-Young people often leave due to limited employment and housing opportunities, especially as over 70% of homes in the village are second homes or holiday lets
-These are often unaffordable for first-time buyers without family support
-The resulting age imbalance affects local services, shifting demand towards healthcare and accessibility rather than schools or youth amenities, and contributes to a quieter, retirement-focused community character
