Past Exam Questions

Question 1

Sodium Acetate is Dissolved in Water. The solution becomes…

Answer 1

Alkaline as water can protonate the acetate ion.

Question 2

H₂O + Cl₂ → HOCl + HCl

What happens to Chlorine in this reaction?

Answer 2

It i Oxidised and Reduced Simultaneously.

Question 3

What is the Enthalpy of a reaction?

Answer 3

The difference between the enthalpies of the products and the enthalpies of the reactants.

Question 4

What are Lewis Bases?

Answer 4

Electron Pair Donors

Question 5

What is an Alpha particle?

Answer 5

The nucleus of a ⁴He originating from a decomposing nucleus of an isotope.

Question 6

What is a Beta particle?

Answer 6

A high speed electron emitted through radioactive decay of an isotope.

Question 7

Why can’t an oxide ion (O^2-) exist in water?

Answer 7

The Oxide ion is a strong base which is instantly protonated by water: [O₂- + H₂O → 2OH^-]

Question 8

Define Ionisation Energy.

Answer 8

The energy required to remove the most loosely held electron from a gaseous atom.

Question 9

What are the units for Ionisation Energy?

Answer 9

J (Joules)

eV (Electron Volts)

J/mol (Joules per Mol)

Question 10

What are the products of the reaction between Copper metal and Diluted Nitric Acid?

Answer 10

Cu(NO₃)₂ (Copper Nitrate)

NO_{<strong>(g)</strong>} (Nitrogen Monoxide)

H₂O (Water)

Question 11

What is the electromotive force (EMF)?

Answer 11

The difference between half-cell (Cathode-Anode) potentials in a voltaic cell.

Question 12

What is the unit of EMF?

Answer 12

Volts.

Question 13

The majority of heavy metal ions can be detected by means of…

Answer 13

Dihydrogen Sulphide

Question 14

Sodium Acetate (CH₃COONa) is dissolved in water, the solution will be…

Answer 14

Alkaline as water can protonate the acetate ions.

Question 15

What is an Isotope?

Answer 15

An atom whose nuclei have the same atomic number but a different mass number.

Question 16

What is a Brønsted Base?

Answer 16

Proton Acceptor.

Question 17

How can ammonium ions be detected?

Answer 17

Nessler Reagent

Question 18

How can Nitrite Ions be detected?

Answer 18

Griess-Ilosvay Reagent

Question 19

How can Arsenic ions be detected? Which precipitate colour is produced?

Answer 19

Bettendorf Reagent

Black ppt.

Question 20

What is a ligand?

Answer 20

Ions or neutral molecules that bond to a central metal atom or ion - Can often be seen in complex formation.

Question 21

What is heavy water?

Answer 21

Deuterium Oxide

D₂O (²H₂O)

Question 22

What is an Oxoacid? Give 3 examples.

Answer 22

An acid which contains oxygen.

HNO₃

H₂SO₄

H₃PO₄

Question 23

Sulphuric Acid + Lead(II) Nitrate Produces

H₂SO₄ + Pb(NO₃)₂

Answer 23

PbSO₄ + 2HNO₃

(White Precipitate)

Question 24

How can Sulfide (S^2-) ions be detected?

Answer 24

With Lead (II) Nitrate Solution

Producing PbS

(Black Solution Formed)

Question 25

How can Sulphate (SO₄^2-) Ions be detected? What is the product?

Answer 25

**Barium Chloride (BaCl₂)** Producing **BaSO₄** *(White Precipitate)*

Question 26

How would Ammonium (NH4⁺) ions be detected? Which observations can be made?

Answer 26

**Nessler-reagent (K₂[HgI₄])** *Orange-Brown Precipitate*

Question 27

How would you detect nitrite (NO₂^-) ions?

Answer 27

**Griess-Ilosvay Reagent** *Liquid Becomes **Pink** and then **Yellow***

Question 28

Lewis Bases ..... electrons

Answer 28

Donate

Question 29

Hydrogen Sulphide

Answer 29

H₂S

Question 30

**Iodine:** Colour, Aggregation State Solubility in water

Answer 30

Grey Solid Low Solubility

Question 31

Combination of **I₂** with **KI** produces...

Answer 31

K[I₃]

Question 32

Example of formation of Iodine.

Answer 32

**2**KI + Cl₂ → I₂ + **2**KCl

Question 33

**Ammonia:** Colour Aggregation State Odour

Answer 33

Colourless Gas Sharp Odour

Question 34

NH₃ + HCl →

Answer 34

NH₄Cl

Question 35

AgCl + **2**NH₃ →

Answer 35

[Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺ + Cl^-

Question 36

SnCl₂

Answer 36

Tin (II) Chloride

Question 37

Al₂O₃

Answer 37

Aluminium Oxide

Question 38

KH₂PO₄

Answer 38

Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate

Question 39

NH₄SCN

Answer 39

Ammonium Thiocyanate

Question 40

Na₂[Zn(OH)₄]

Answer 40

Sodium TetraHydroxoZincate

Question 41

Mercury (II) Amide-Chloride

Answer 41

Hg(NH₂)Cl

Question 42

Hydrogen Sulphide Ion

Answer 42

HS^-

Question 43

Hydrazine

Answer 43

N₂H₄

Question 44

Silver (I) Nitrate

Answer 44

AgNO₃

Question 45

Reaction of Copper (II) Hydroxide under heat.

Answer 45

Cu(OH)₂ → CuO + H₂O

Question 46

Draw a metal chelate complex.

Answer 46