Past Papers

Question 1

Through which route should vincristine be administered and why?

Answer 1

Intravenously accidental spinal injection (intrathecal) can lead to nephrotoxicity and death

Question 2

What are the doses of oral bisphosphates that can be used?

Answer 2

Alendronic acid - 10mg OD
Risedronate - 35mg weekly

Question 3

Give an example of an antidepressant that can cause weight gain

Answer 3

Mirtazapine

Question 4

What are the signs of sepis?

Answer 4

Caused my immune system over responding to an infection
Fast heart rate, low blood pressure, fever, chills, clammy skin, confusion, shortness of breath, rash

Question 5

Which beta blocker is least likely to cause nightmares and why?

Answer 5

Water-soluble beta-blockers (such as atenolol, celiprolol hydrochloride, nadolol, and sotalol hydrochloride) because they are less likely to enter the brain,

Question 6

What advice should be given to a patient with type 1 diabetes when travelling for a long duration of time?

Answer 6

They should maintain the glucose level at 5mmol or more throughout the journey

Question 7

What important safety information is there for montelukast?

Answer 7

There is a risk of neuropsychiatric responses inc OCD and speech impairment in pt taking drug
Pt should seek medical attention ASAP if symptoms occur

Question 8

What should be done when a schedule 2 drug is returned?

Answer 8

It should be stored in a separate section of cd cabinet before being rendered irretrievable- denature

Question 9

What should be done first when a error in dosage is discovered post dispensing

Answer 9

The patient should be informed

Question 10

What diuretics are safe to use in renal impairment?

Answer 10

Metolazone

Question 11

What do shingles look like

Answer 11

A strip of red blisters that wrap around the right of left side of one’s torso
Usually on one side of the body

Question 12

What is the most important thing to consider in a patient that is 15 requiring a MAP?

Answer 12

Establishing if they are gillick competent
This means she is considered intelligent enough to consent to treatment

Question 13

What drug class is linagliptin and what is the mechanism of action?

Answer 13

dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors
enzyme that degrades the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)
Stimulate insulin and inhibit glucagon

Question 14

What should be used to treat chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting?

Answer 14

Ondansetron, aprepitant and dexamethasone

Question 15

What should be done if a patient with gestational diabetes who is currently taking metformin has uncontrolled glucose levels?

Answer 15

Insulin lispro should be added

Question 16

What type of patients with thrush should be referred to a doctor?

Answer 16

Patients over 60 or diabetic or pregnant or experience thrush for the first time or repeatedly within 6 months of treatment should be referred to a doctor.

Question 17

Which medication that can be used to reduce nausea and vomiting causes muscle rigidity?

Answer 17

Droperidol

Question 18

How often to patients taking carbimazole need to get their blood tested

Answer 18

Every 6 weeks till hormone levels are stable
Then every 3 months for as long as it’s taken

Question 19

What are signs of poor inhaler technique?

Answer 19

Oral thrush - wash mouth

Question 20

Dosage for adrenaline

Answer 20

N

Question 21

What are some examples of medications that interact with warfarin?

Answer 21

Warfarin has multiple interactions including Vitamin K, clarithromycin and cranberry but not grapefruit.

Question 22

What is considered a normal egfr?

Answer 22

Above 90

Question 23

What are target lithium levels

Answer 23

0.8-1.2meq/L

Question 24

What are some examples of hepatic inducers

Answer 24

carbamazepine, eslicarbazepine acetate, nevirapine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, rifabutin, rifampicin, ritonavir, St John’s wort, and topiramate),

Question 25

Which contraceptives can have their efficacy reduced by hepatic inducers

Answer 25

POP, COC, patches, rings, sub-dermal implants, EHC

Question 26

What is required for a headteacher to order salbutamol inhalers?

Answer 26

A signed order on headed notepaper requires before supply can be made

Question 27

How should acute attacks of gout be treated?

Answer 27

Colchicine, high dose NSAID or oral corticosteroids

Question 28

Which NSAID has the most gastrointestinal effects?

Answer 28

Piroxicam

Question 29

What counselling advice should be given to pt taking sodium valproate?

Answer 29

Pregnancy prevention, signs of pancreatitis(pain, nausea, vomiting)

Question 30

What are the dosage requirements for different ages of adrenaline for anaphylaxis 1mg/ml injection?

Answer 30

6 months - 100-150mcg, 6months to 5 years - 150mcg, 6-11 years 300mcg, 12-17 years 500mcg 300mcg can be given if child is small, adult - 500mcg can be repeated after 5 minutes if there is no response, if condition is still life threatening can be repeated every 5 minutes till help comes. should be injected into outer middle thigh

Question 31

what are the symptoms of Lyme disease?

Answer 31

round shaped rash that may have lighter area in the centre caused by a tick bite usually appears 1-4 weeks after bite but can appear after up to 3 months symptoms: pyrexia, headache, tiredness and muscle/joint pain

Question 32

what are some examples of CYP450 enzyme substrates ?

Answer 32

Statins, Theophylline, Phenytoin, Warfarin, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI): sertraline, citalopram, fluoxetine Amitriptyline, Codeine Caffeine

Question 33

what are some examples of CYP450 enzyme inducers?

Answer 33

Anticonvulsants: phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbitone Steroids: dexamethasone, prednisolone, glucocorticoids Antibiotics: rifampicin, griseofulvin Others: nicotine, alcohol, cigarette smoke, St John’s Wort

Question 34

what are some examples of CYP450 enzyme inhibtors?

Answer 34

Azoles: ketoconazole, fluconazole Antibiotics: sulfonamides, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, macrolides, isoniazid Cimetidine Omeprazole Sodium valproate Grapefruit

Question 35

which medications interact with grapefruit juice ?

Answer 35

CCB, amiodarone, statins, PDE5 inhibitors, ulipristal, antiplatelet, immunosuppressants quetiapine, sertraline, sitagliptin , cancer drugs, ivabradine, dronedarone, carbamazepine, Budesonide

Question 36

how old does a patient have to be to be able to receive mebendazole treatment OTC?

Answer 36

2 years and over

Question 37

what can be prescribed for a patient that experiences off episodes whilst taking co-caredopa?

Answer 37

apomoprhine

Question 38

what should be done when a patient with type 1 diabetes feels unwell and has a fever?

Answer 38

there glucose levels should be monitored more often

Question 39

how should children less than 3 months be treated for bacterial meningitis?

Answer 39

g intravenous cefotaxime plus either amoxicillin or ampicillin

Question 40

which anticoagulant should be given post mechanical heart valve replacement?

Answer 40

warfarin

Question 41

what is the recommended alcohol consumption units for men and women?

Answer 41

men and women are advised not to drink more than 14 units a week on a regular basis. spread your drinking over 3 or more days

Question 42

what are signs of serotonin syndrome?

Answer 42

Agitation or restlessness, Insomnia, Confusion, Rapid heart rate and high blood pressure, Dilated pupils, Loss of muscle coordination or twitching muscles, High blood pressure, Muscle rigidity, Heavy sweating, Diarrhea, Headache, Shivering, Goose bumps

Question 43

what are some characteristics of Molluscum contagiosum?

Answer 43

They are raised and dome-shaped with a shiny white dimple in the middle. spots on their body and in or around folds of skin (groin, behind the knee and armpits).

Question 44

what diabetic medication can cause blood in urine

Answer 44

pioglitazone = can increase risk of bladder cancer

Question 45

which diabetic medication can cause weight gain and stomach upset?

Answer 45

gliclazide

Question 46

what is the duration of time a prescription for Isotretinoin should be dispensed after being written under the Pregnancy Prevention Programme

Answer 46

7 days

Question 47

which vitamin can cause loss of feeling in arms and legs

Answer 47

Long term supplementation of Vitamin b6 can result in peripheral neuropathy which may be reversible if caught early

Question 48

what is an elixir

Answer 48

Elixirs are sweetened hydro-alcoholic (water and alcohol) liquids for oral use.

Question 49

what age does a patient have to be to be able to get get levonelle and ellaone OTC

Answer 49

Ella one child bearing age levonelle 16 and over

Question 50

what medication would have the label harmful if swallowed?

Answer 50

potassium permanganate

Question 51

which diuretic carries a risk of skin cancer?

Answer 51

Hydrochlorothiazide

Question 52

which antibiotic can cause cardiovascular events when given with hydroxychloroquine?

Answer 52

azithromycin

Question 53

what is an off label medicine

Answer 53

An ‘off label’ medicine would have a license in other countries but not in t

Question 54

what kind of issue is it when a CD is preceded for more than 30 days?

Answer 54

good practice

Question 55

which antibiotic can affect liver function?

Answer 55

co-amoxiclav

Question 56

which antibiotic can cause tendonitis?

Answer 56

ciprofloxacin

Question 57

what age is OTC fexofenadine licensed for?

Answer 57

12

Question 58

which class of medication can cause gingival hyperplasia?

Answer 58

CCB

Question 59

Give an example of a medication that can cause hypertensive crisis

Answer 59

phenelzine

Question 60

what medication can cause ototoxicity?

Answer 60

furosemide

Question 61

what side effects can salbutamol cause?

Answer 61

Arrhythmias; headache; palpitations; tremor

Question 62

how is diverticulitis treated? (antibiotics)

Answer 62

Co-amoxiclav 500/125 TDS 5/7 Cefalexin 500 BD/TDS 5/7 + Metronidazole 400 TDS 5/7

Question 63

Which antiepileptic drugs are safe in pregnancy?

Answer 63

lamotrigine and levetiracetam

Question 64

what is mastitis?

Answer 64

swollen hot to touch breast, discharge common in pregnancy massage, cold/hot compress,

Question 65

which medication can cause fourniers gangrene?

Answer 65

SGLT2 inhibitor - ertugliflozin

Question 66

which diuretic cause urine to turn blue?

Answer 66

triamterene

Question 67

There is an increased risk of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis following exposure to this drug and the risk is particularly increased in the first 14 days after birth.

Answer 67

erythromycin

Question 68

what is the maximum days of continuous treatment for OTC naproxen

Answer 68

3 days per period