Past questions Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is purpose of Abx chemoprophylaxis for meningitis
Bacteria may have been passed on (from/to case)
Contacts may be colonised
Eradicate nasal carriage
Reduces risk of transmission
Name possible contacts of 2 year old with meningitis
Immediate family
Nursery / play group
any other persons who have stayed overnight in past 7 days
Anyone with prolonged contact with child (8hours in post 7 days )
Any kissing contact
Boy in nursery mother asks if he needs prophylaxis. Does he?
No - not a close direct contact - he is second degree contact and risk falls exponentially
Boy has had meningitis C vaccine in past is he immune?
Possibly - currently don’t know which organism caused illness
Even if N. meningitidis – don’t know if group C
If it is his vaccination is likely to protect
There is a risk of vaccine failure as well
How to establish route of transmission Eg HBV
Conduct a case-control study - looking at risk factors (Sex, MSM, occupation, UVDU, surgery / transfusion, tattoo
Trace and link cases - serological studies, temporal and geographical mapping
Identification of infectious agent - Lab
Prevent and control Hepatitis
Alert local health services
Notify up - national reporting
Improve surveillance (active case finding)
Promote infection control measures
Blood-borne - Needle exchange , inform and educate at risk groups
Fecal-oral - Hygiene and sanitation, cooked food - if food need to identify
Could there be a vaccine?
Residents of an agriculture and tin mining town complain of bad taste to water. Immediate actions?
Contact water company and get samples and analyse
Contact local hospitals for any reportings of sick people
Find out who is affected
Inform local authorities
Could - Issue boil notice, Do not drink notice, Stop water supply
(Need to justify these)
Emergency committee do deal with potential water contamination. Who needs to attend?
(6)
Water company - know how of water processing and access
Toxicologist / lab specialist to analyze and advise
Local authority representative - Eg police to help with distribution of water supplies
Hospital / health representative
Communications officer
Identify vulnerable groups to water contamination
Children Pregnant Immunocompromised Hospitalised /care Dialysis Hard to reach groups
Implications of turning water supplies off
Businesses that require water
Health impacts on vulnerable populations
Need to provide water (How long for? schedule water supply, how to ensure equal access /safety)
Found out there is hydrocarbon in the water, in the low dose in water it is not toxic
3-4 lines for the journalist
Water contamination is limited to x
Contaminant not at toxic levels so though to be harmless
Advice worried / symptomatic to seek medical help
statement on what further action has been undertaken Eg tracking source / alternative water supplies
Source of contamination identified and stopped. Incident over and there are no casualties . How could you mitigate agaist a future incident happening again ?
Carry out evaluation Identify what went well / wrong set up procedures Regular water sampling Identify what resources available and what are required Share learning / debrief stakeholders
