Pathogenicity

Question 1

What are the main differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Answer 1

• prokaryotes don’t have a cellular nucleus

Question 2

What is the ecological plaque hypothesis?

Answer 2

Shows the differences between bacteria and the environment

Question 3

What is the function of pili?

Answer 3

Help bacteria adhere to other structures

Question 4

What is aerobic bacteria?

Answer 4

Requires oxygen to survive

Question 5

What is capnophilic bacteria?

Answer 5

Requires carbon dioxide to survive

Question 6

What are anaerobic bacteria?

Answer 6

Survive in conditions of no oxygen

Question 7

What are facultative bacteria?

Answer 7

Can survive with or without oxygen

Question 8

What are microaerophilic bacteria?

Answer 8

Survive in a little but of oxygen

Question 9

What is the lag phase of bacteria?

Answer 9

The initial period in the life of bacterial population when cells are adjusting to a new environment before starting exponential growth

Question 10

What does sterile mean?

Answer 10

Completely free of bacteria

Question 11

Why is it important to understand gram-stain?

Answer 11

To understand which bacteria is causing infection

Question 12

Describe non selective blood agars?

Answer 12

• grow many types of bacteria
• helps provide a broad overview

Question 13

What type of bacteria produce endotoxins?

Answer 13

Gram negative bacteria

Question 14

What is another name for gram negative bacteria?

Answer 14

Lipopolysaccharide

Question 15

What shape is cocci bacteria?

Answer 15

Round

Question 16

What shape are bacilli bacteria?

Answer 16

Rice shaped

Question 17

What is the gram stain useful for?

Answer 17

• forming a provisional diagnosis
• helps to choose an antibiotic

Question 18

What is an example of a gram positive cocci bacteria and a disease it causes?

Answer 18

Streptococci
- dental caries

Question 19

What is an example of a gram positive bacilli bacteria and is disease it causes?

Answer 19

Clostridium testinii
- causes tetanus

Question 20

What is an example of gram negative cocci and a disease it causes?

Answer 20

Neiserria meningiginus
- sepsis

Question 21

What is an example of gram negative bacilli bacteria and a disease?

Answer 21

Prevotella intermedia
- chronic periodontitis

Question 22

What is the difference between a pathogen and a commensalism?

Answer 22

A pathogen is an organism which can invade the body and cause disease

Question 23

What are properties of staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 23

Grapes
Round
Golden

Question 24

What is colonisation?

Answer 24

The presence of micro organism in or on a host with growth and multiplication but without any infection ata the time the micro organism is isolated

Question 25

Where are common places of s aureus colonisation?

Answer 25

• nose
• throat
• axils
• groin

Question 26

What are the different carrier states of s aureus?

Answer 26

• persistent
• intermittent
• non-carriers

Question 27

What are risk factors for s aureus?

Answer 27

• antibiotic use
• diabetes
• hospitalisation
• HIV
• colonised partner

Question 28

What is infection?

Answer 28

Invasion of the body by pathogenic microbes and the reaction of the tissues to their presence and to the toxins generated by them

Question 29

What does pyogenic mean?

Answer 29

Puss producing

Question 30

What are the two categories of s aureus infection?

Answer 30

Pyogenic
Toxin mediated

Question 31

What is an oral example of a s aureus infection?

Answer 31

Angular chellitus

Question 32

What is the function of mannitol salt sugar?

Answer 32

Salt makes it selective
Mannitol is a sugar which indicates pH