Pathological and Visceral Reflexes

Question 1

Hoffmann Sign

Answer 1

Lesion above C5 in corticospinal tract, “flick” pt.’s middle finger, “clawing” of hand, UMNL

Question 2

Tromner Sign

Answer 2

Lesion above C5 in corticospinal tract, Tap volar surface of middle finger, “clawing” of hand, UMNL

Question 3

Rossolimo Sign of the Foot

Answer 3

Corticospinal tract, Tap ball of foot or tips of toes, toes plantarflex, UMNL

Question 4

Babinski Sign

Answer 4

Corticospinal tract, Heel to metatarsals to big toe, Norm-plantarflex Abnorm-dorsiflex of great toe, flaring of others, UMNL

Question 5

Chaddock Sign

Answer 5

Corticospinal tract, lat. malleolus from heel to toe, Norm: no motion Abnorm: great toe dorsiflex others splay, UMNL

Question 6

Oppenheim Sign

Answer 6

Corticospinal tract, ant. tibial surface from sup. to inf., Norm: no motion Abnorm: great toe dorsiflex others splay, UMNL

Question 7

Gordon Sign

Answer 7

Corticospinal tract, Squeeze calf, Norm: no motion Abnorm: great toe dorsiflex others splay, UMNL

Question 8

Schaefer Sign

Answer 8

Corticospinal tract, Squeeze Achilles, Norm: no motion Abnorm: great toe dorsiflex others splay, UMNL

Question 9

Ciliospinal Reflex

Answer 9

Afferent: Cervicals and CN V Efferent: Cervical sympathetics, pinch neck, Dilation of pupil on painful side of +. If absent poss lesion of Cervical sympathetics

Question 10

Oculocardiac Reflex

Answer 10

Afferent: CN V Efferent: CN X, Thumb pressure on eyballs, dec. in HR and fall in BP

Question 11

Carotid Sinus Reflex

Answer 11

Afferent: CN IX Efferent: CN X Pressure on carotid uni or bilat, dec. in HR and fall in BP

Question 12

Bulbocavernosus Reflex

Answer 12

S3-4, Stroke/Prick/pinch glans, contraction of bulbocavernosus urethra and external anal sphincter