Pathologies Related to the Pelvis and Hip II Flashcards by Siva Pye

With colorectal cancer:

Colon
- _____ food and form it into _______

________ feed on waste and _____ it down further

Dehydrate; stool

Bacteria; break

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

With colorectal cancer, the ______ is where the stool is stored prior to a bowel movement

rectum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

With colorectal cancer it is the ____ MOST common cancer

3rd

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Colorectal cancer is the _____ leading cause of cancer death

2nd

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Colorectal cancer MOST commonly metastasizes to the _______

thorax

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the etiology of colorectal cancer?

unknown

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Risk factors for colorectal cancer:

> ____ years of age
_______ hx
Biological ______
________ ________ syndrome
________
_________/_______ use
Diets low in _______ and high in ______ and _______ fats- SAD diet

50
family
male
irritable bowel
obesity
smoking; alcohol
veggies; sugar; animal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pathogenesis of colorectal cancer:

malignant _______ that develops in the ______ intestines

neoplasm
large

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Colorectal cancer S&S:

Hx
Cancer S&S

Possible _______ P! that is _____ and diffuse to the left lower quadrant in ___-____ distribution

Change in _____ function, even obstruction

referred; dull; T10-S2

bowel

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

With colorectal cancer, what is the hallmark sign?

bloody or black stools

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

With colorectal cancer, what would you observe?

wavelike motion in lower left quadrant if obstruction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Palpation of lymph nodes with colorectal cancer:

Abnormal
> __ cm, ____, and ______

Non-______ due to limited ________ with a typical _____ growth of MOST cancer

2; firm; immobile

tender; inflammation; slow

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

With colorectal cancer, there is P! with palpation and percussion in lower ______ quadrant with _______

left; inflammation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

With colorectal cancer and vital signs, it will indicate a…?

fever

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

With colorectal cancer, as PT’s we should ensure routine screening such as a ________ beginning at the age of _____ years old

colonoscopy
45

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

With colorectal cancer, exercise helps ______ function and ______ time

bowel
transit

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Colorectal cancer is a _____ referral to MD

Urgent

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

With cervical cancer:

Cervix function
- ____ _____ motility
- Protection from ______ and ______ objects
- Path for ______

sex cell

bacteria; foreign

birthing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cervical cancer is _______ preventable

largely

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the PRIMARY risk factor for cervical cancer?

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Risk factors and etiology for cervical cancer:

_____ and ______ use that inhibits judgement

> _____ sexual partners

drug; alcohol

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cervical cancer incidence/prevalence:

_____ MOST common biological female cancer behind breast and colorectal

_______ in younger biological females

3rd

increasing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pathogenesis of Cervical Cancer: HPV limits _______ suppresors in the ____ and allows _______ neoplasms to develop

neoplasm
cervix
malignant

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cervical Cancer S&S:

Hx
Cancer S&S
Pelvic or _____
Excessive and untimely _____
____/______/and or _____ dysfunction due to pressure from enlarged cervix

LBP
bleeding
bowel; bladder; sexual

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Palpation of lymph nodes with cervical cancer: Abnormal > __ cm, ____, and ______ Non-______ due to limited ________ with a typical _____ growth of MOST cancer

2; firm; immobile tender; inflammation; slow

With cervical cancer and vital signs, it will indicate a...?

fever

With cervical cancer for PT implications: We should ensure regular ______ visits Encourage HPV vaccine at ___-___ years of age- less effective after any sexual activity

OBGYN 11-12

With cervical cancer, _____ decreases estrogen so decreased _____ density may be a side effect

radiation bone

Cervical cancer is a _______ referral to MD

Urgent

________ is a slow growing malignant neoplasm

chondrosarcoma

What is the etiology for chondrosarcoma?

sporadic and unknown

Incidence with chondrosarcoma: More common in the ____ and _____ Middle aged biological ______ MOST affected

pelvis; femur males

Pathogenesis of chondrosarcoma: ________ abnormalities lead to malignant _____ neoplasm and possible _____ changes

chromosomal cartilage bony

Pathogenesis of chondrosarcoma: Thickening of the _______ Destruction of the _____ and ______ bone Soft tissue ______

cortex medullary; cortical mass

Chondrosarcoma S&S Hx Progessive and local ______ and pain _______ S&S Possible ______ S&S if advanced

swelling cancer fracture

With an Exam involving chondrosarcoma: - Potential ________ symptoms because of _____ occupying potential but it won't match orthopedic conditions - Possible sign of the _______ - Abnormal > __ cm, ____, and ______ Non-______ due to limited ________ with a typical _____ growth of MOST cancer -

mechanical; space buttock 2; firm; immobile tender; inflammation; slow

With chondrosarcoma, it is a _______ referral to MD

urgent

Appendicitis overview: ______ function Possibly a storehouse of ______ bacteria Others say it is ______

unknown good useless

________ is inflammation of the appendix

appendicitis

With appendicitis, it is MOST common in _____ _______ Biological ______> Rare in ______ adults but half of all deaths due to ______ are in those > ___ years of age

late adolescence males older rupture 70

With appendicitis etiology it is ______ in __% of cases _______ due to neoplasm, infection, foreign body preventing normal drainage

unknown; 50 obstruction

_________ pathogenesis: inflammation that can result in infection, necrosis, and rupture

appendicitis

Appendicitis S&S Classic Sequence - _________ to right lower quadrant _____ P! - May also have right ____ or _____ P! - Not _______ - Possible _____ or ______ S&S

Periumbilical pelvic hip; groin eating infection; cancer

With Appendicitis S&S: It gets worse with increased _______ pressure ______ bending or ____ to ________ _______ maneuver (coughing, laughing, straining etc)

abdominal forward; knee; chest Valsalva

Appendicitis S&S: Observation: ________ and _______ with infection ROM- P! and limitation with ____ and ______ flexion at end ranges

redness; swelling hip; trunk

Appendicitis S&S: Lymph nodes > 2 cm diameter, firm, and tender if ______ due to acute onset > 2 cm diameter, firm, immobile and non-tender if ______

infection cancer

With an appendicitis abdominal quadrant assessment: There will be... ______ or "pinch an inch" at ________ point

tenderness; McBurney

What is the MOST accurate predictor of inflammation for appendicitis?

Rebound tenderness

With appendicitis, the area will feel ____ and _____ in the ______ lower quadrant Vital signs- ______

hot; swollen right fever

Appendicitis is a ______ referral to MD unless ______ P! then that would be _______

urgent severe emergent

With _______ _______ overview/pathogenesis: congenital or acquired weakness/tearing in the abdominal organ covering that allows portions of organs to mover out of their boundary or herniate

inguinal hernia

What are the 4 etiologies for inguinal hernia?

Age obesity/pregnancy abdominal muscular weakness trauma (surgery or heavy lifting)

What is the MOST common type of hernia in 75% of all hernias?

inguinal hernia

Inguinal hernias can occur at ______ age

any

Inguinal hernia S&S Herniating organ may become ______ and ______ and may develop systemic S&S of the respective organ that is herniated ROM- P! and limitation with _____ and _____ flexion at end ranges Resistance/MMT- P! and limitation with _____ or _____ flexion activation

constricted; dysfunctional hip; trunk adominal; hip

With inguinal hernias: There will be P! with ______ and _______ Palpable _____, especially with trunk ______ activity like a crunch, coughing etc

percussion; palpation bulge; flexor

An inguinal hernia is an _____ referral to MD

Urgent

______ or ________ _______ overview- an active local infection on a weakened or compromised joint at the site of the primary infection

septic or infective arthritis

Risk factors/etiology for septic or infective arthritis: _______ trauma- stabbing Total ______ replacement Chronic _____ damage (ex. RA or Age-related joint changes) Diabetes _________supression _______ disease _______ abuse _____ _______ disease _____ failure affects immunity

Penetrating joint joint immuno infectious substance sickle cell renal

Septic or infective arthritis is MOST common in the ______ joints, particularly the hip and _______

LE; knee

With Septic or infective arthritis ______, children, and _____ adults are at increased risk

infants older

Septic or infective arthritis pathogenesis: __________ invasion that could be bacterial, viral, or fungal Multiplies rapidly due to - weakened and ______ joint/health - most nature of ______ fluid in the joint

Microorganism compromised synovial

Septic or infective arthritis pathogenesis: Bacteria activates ______ factors that may lead to _______ Massive ______ or pannus erodes ______ cartilage and subchondral bone in a ______ WEEKS

clotting; thrombosis inflammation; articular; FEW

Septic or infective arthritis S&S Hx and Observation Acute AND sudden onset of... - ________ - _______ and ________ gait if they can bear weight at all

infection antalgic; asymmetrical

Septic or infective arthritis SCAN - Refusal to move or allow affected joint to be moved; so ___, limited ____, and ______ in multiple if not all directions - Possible P! with _____ and relief with _____ depending on whether bone is involved or not - Possible sign of _______

P!; ROM; weaknesses compression; distx buttock

Septic or infective arthritis S&S ________ TTP Abnormal Lymph Nodes - > ___ cm diameter - firm - _____ due to rapid onset of inflammation with infection Heat _______

Severe 2 Tender Swelling

Septic or infective arthritis is a ______ referral Early dx is critical to avoid permanent _____ and _____ damage Treatment within ___ days of infection can prevent damage

emergent joint; bone 4

Pathologies Related to the Pelvis and Hip II Flashcards

(67 cards)