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Drugs- Basic High Yield Stuff for Boards > Pathology > Flashcards

Pathology Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

4 drugs for treatment of Alzheimers

A
  1. Donepezil
  2. galantamine
  3. rivastigmine
  4. Memantine
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2
Q

ALK:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

ALK
oncogene
receptor tyrosine kinase
Lung Adenocarcinoma

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3
Q

BCR-ABL:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm (2)

A

BCR-ABL t(9,22)
oncogene
tyrosine kinase
CML/ALL

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4
Q

BCL-2:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm(2)

A

BCL-2
oncogene
Anti-apoptotic molecule (inhib apoptosis)
Follicular Lymphoma & DLBCL

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5
Q

BRAF:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm(2)

A

BRAF
oncogene
Serine/threonine kinase
Melanoma & non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

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6
Q

c-KIT:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

c-KIT
oncogene
cytokine receptor
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)

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7
Q

c-MYC:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

c-MYC t(8,14)
oncogene
transcription factor
Burkitt lymphoma

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8
Q 
HER2/neu (c-erbB2):
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm
treatment
A 
HER2/neu (c-erbB2)
oncogene
tyrosine kinase
Breast and gastric carcinoma
-->Herceptin/trastuzumab
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9
Q

JAK2:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

JAK2
oncogene
tyrosine kinase
chronic myeloproliferative disorders

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10
Q

KRAS:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm(3)

A

KRAS
oncogene
GTPase
Colon/lung/pancreatic cancer

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11
Q

MYC-L1:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

MYC-‘L’1
oncogene
transcription factor
‘L’ung tumor

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12
Q

MYC-N:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

MYC-‘N’
oncogene
transcription factor
‘N’euroblastoma

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13
Q

RET:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

RET (chrom 10)
oncogene
tyrosine kinase
MEN 2A/2B, medullary thyroid cancer

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14
Q

APC:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

APC
tumor suppressor gene
—
Colorectal cancer (associate with FAP)

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15
Q

BRCA1/BRCA2:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

BRCA1/BRCA2
tumor suppressor gene
DNA repair protein
Breast & Ovarian Cancer

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16
Q

CDKN2A:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

CDKN2A
tumor suppressor gene
p16 (blocks G1–>S phase)
Melanoma & pancreatic cancer

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17
Q

DCC:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

DCC
tumor suppressor gene
DCC “Deleted in Colon Cancer”
Colon cancer

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18
Q

DPC4/SMAD4:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

DPC4/SMAD4
tumor suppressor gene
DPC “Deleted in Pancreatic Cancer”
Pancreatic Cancer

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19
Q

MEN1:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

MEN1 (chrom 11)
tumor suppressor gene
melin
MEN1

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20
Q

NF1:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

A

NF1 (chrom 17)
tumor suppressor gene
Ras GTPase activating protein (neurofibromin)
Neurofibromatosis 1

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21
Q

NF2:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

Study These Flashcards
A

NF2
tumor suppressor gene
Merlin (schwannomin) protein
Neurofibromatosis 2

22
Q

PTEN:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

Study These Flashcards
A

PTEN
tumor suppressor gene
decrease PTEN= increase estrogen sensitivity
Breast, Endometrial, & prostate cancers

23
Q

Rb:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

Study These Flashcards
A

Rb (chrom 13)
tumor suppressor gene
inhib E2F (block G1–>S phase)
Retinoblastoma & Osteosarcoma

24
Q

TP53:
Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene
Gene product
Associated Neoplasm

Study These Flashcards
A

TP53 (chrom 17)
tumor suppressor gene
p53–>activates p21 (block G1–>S)
Most human cancers/ Li-Fraumeni syndrome

25
TSC1: Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene Gene product Associated Neoplasm
TSC1 tumor suppressor gene Hamartin protein Tuberous Sclerosis
26
TSC2: Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene Gene product Associated Neoplasm
TSC2 tumor suppressor gene Tuberin protein Tuberous Sclerosis
27
VHL: Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene Gene product Associated Neoplasm
VHL (chrom 3) tumor suppressor gene inhib hypoxia inducible factor 1a VHL disease, RCC
28
WT1/WT2: Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor Gene Gene product Associated Neoplasm
WT1/WT2 (chrom 11) tumor suppressor gene -- Wilms Tumor (nephroblastoma)
29
Carcinogen: Aflatoxins (Aspergillus) Organ impact
Liver= Hepatocellular carcinoma
30
Carcinogen: Alkylating Agents (chemo) Organ impact
blood = Leukemia/Lymphoma
31
Carcinogen: Aromatic amines (benzidine, 2-naphthylamine) Organ impact
Bladder= Transitional cell carcinoma
32
Carcinogen: Arsenic Organ impact
``` Liver = angiosarcoma Lung= SCC lung cancer skin= SCC ```
33
Carcinogen: Asbestos Organ impact
Lung = Bronchogenic carcinoma > mesothelioma
34
Carcinogen: Carbon tetrachloride Organ impact
Liver = Centrilobular necrosis & Fatty change
35
Carcinogen: Cigarette smoke Organ impact
``` Bladder= Transitional cell Ca. Cervix = Cervical carcinoma Esophagus = SCC/adenocarcinoma Kidney = Renal cell carcinoma Larynx = SCC Lung= SCC & small cell carcinoma Pancreas - Pancreatic adenocarcinoma ```
36
Carcinogen: Ethanol Organ impact
``` Esophagus= SCC Liver = Hepatocellular carcinoma ```
37
Carcinogen: Ionizing radiation Organ impact
``` Thyroid = Papillary thyroid carcinoma Blood= leukemia ```
38
Carcinogen: Nitrosamine (smoked foods) Organ impact
stomach = gastric cancer (esp. in Japan)
39
Carcinogen: Radon Organ impact
Lung = Lung cancer (2nd leading cause after cigarette smoke)
40
Carcinogen: Vinyl chloride (PVC) Organ impact
Liver= Angiosarcoma
41
3 causes of Angiosarcoma
"VAT" 1. vinyl chloride 2. arsenic 3. thorotrast
42
2 major risk factors for Leukemia
1. alkalating agents | 2. radiation
43
EBV associated cancers (4)
1. Burkitte 2. Hodgkin (Reed sternberg cells) 3. Nasopharyngeal 4. Primary CNS Lymphoma in immunocompromised
44
Serum tumor marker: | Alkaline phosphatase
1. Mets to bone or liver 2. Paget disease of bone 3. seminoma (placenta ALP)
45
Serum tumor marker: | a-fetoprotein (AFP)
1. Hepatocellular ca. 2. hepatoblastoma 3. yolk sac tumor 4. mixed germ cell tumor (typically have some yolk part)
46
Serum tumor marker: | B-hCG
1. Hydatidiform moles 2. Choriocarcinomas 3. testicular cancer 4. mixed germ cell tumor
47
Serum tumor marker: | CA 15-3/ CA 27-29
Breast cancer
48
Serum tumor marker: | CA 19-9
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
49
Serum tumor marker: | CA 125
Ovarian cancer
50
Serum tumor marker: | Calcitonin
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (b/c medullary c-cells make calcitonin) (associated with MEN 2a/2b)
51
Serum tumor marker: | CEA (CarinoEmbryonic Antigen)
1. colorectal cancer 2. pancreatic cancer 3. gastric cancer 4. breast cancer 5. medullary thyroid cancer
52
Serum tumor marker: | PSA
1. Prostate cancer 2. BPH 3. prostatitis

Drugs- Basic High Yield Stuff for Boards (20 decks)

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