Pathology Flashcards
(29 cards)
What part vessels respond to NO
Tunica media
What vessels control resistance?
Arteriole
Sinusoids capillary
Wider (lots of blood filtration), in liver, spleen and bone marrow
What vessel is most blood in?
2/3 blood in veins
What vessels have valves?
Veins, extension of tunica intima
What vessels have valves?
Veins, extension of tunica intima (Lymphatics also have valves)ii
Purkinje fibers are below what layer heart?
Below Endocardium, communicate via gap junctions
Monckeberg arteriosclerosis
Does not obstruct flow
Arteriolosclerosis 2 types
1.Hyaline arteriolosclerosis (diabetes, essential HTN) 2.Hyper plastic😩 Arteriolosclerosis- Onion skin (malignant HTN)
atherosclerosis
- Atheromas intima of blood vessels (inflammatory disease of intima)
- Injury to endothelium, cholesterol gets inside injury (fatty streaks) and then inflammatory response, necrosis and calcification
Familial hypercholesterolemia
- Autosomal dominate
- MI in twenties
- xanthelasma
Stable angina is caused by what?
narrow lumen, but blood still goes through
Virchow’s triad
- Endothelial
- hyper coagulability
- stasis blood flow
MI
Rupture plaque and necrosis, clotted off
MI how old?
< 10 hours= no change
1 day old= no nuclei (coagulation necrosis), contraction bands (thick pink bands)
1-4 days= acute inflammatory reaction with neutrophils, coagulation necrosis
4-10 days = tan/yellow grossly, point maximal weakness (need control BP), macrophages arrive clean up mess, RUPTURE
10 day - 3 weeks = scar, granulation tissue
3 weeks plus= white scar grossly, dense collagen (blue)
Reperfusion for MI (Window 90 minutes)
chance injury, hemorrhage/rupture
What do people die from hours after MI
Arrhythmias
4-10 days post MI risk
Rupture which lead to cardiac tamponade
HF causes
Ischemic HD
Cardiomyopathy
HTN
Anatomic changes to heart from HF
- Cardiac chamber dilation,
- change from a conical to spherical shaped,
- interstitial fibrosis
Types cardiomyopathy
- Dilated (most common), 4 chambers, alcohol
- hypertrophic (autosomal dominate), all chamber (septum biggest)
- Restrictive, amyloidosis ( 🍏apple green bireferiengence, Congo red stain)
- arrythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (young person die and doesn’t have hypertrophic)
- aneuryms (AAA, berry aneurysm circle Willis = subarachnoid hemorrhage, syphillis)
Marian syndrome
- fibrillin gene mutated
- autosomal dominate
- mitral regurgitation, aortic dilation/aneurysm
- Long arms and long slender fingers
RHeumatic heart diseas
Post strep pyogenes infection
cause pancarditis
fucpsed chordae - impair mitral valve lead to regurgitation (fish mouth valve)
Dental work put at risk with what infection that effect heart?
Strep viridans
