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Medicine > Pathology > Flashcards

Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Structures stained by Hematoxilin

in H+E stain

A

Stains blue to purple: (nucleic acids, Ca+ salts)

Nuclei + Nucleolus
Bacteria
Ca+

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2
Q

Structures stained by Eosin

in H+E stain

A

Stains pink to red: (most proteins)

Cytoplasm
Collagen + Fibrin
RBCs
Thyroid colloid

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3
Q

Prussian Blue

Histochemical stain

A

Fe+

Lungs w/ hemoptysis (hemosiderin in macrophages)

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4
Q

Congo Red

Histochemical stain

A

Amyloid

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5
Q

PAS (Periodic Acid-Schiff)

Histochemical stain

A

High Carbohydrate (CH) content

Basement memb

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6
Q

Trichrome

Histochemical stain

A

Cells + Connective Tissue (collagen stains blue)

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7
Q

Ziehl-Neelsen

Histochemical stain

A

Acid-fast bacilli

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8
Q

Reticulin

Histochemical stain

A

Collagen type III

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9
Q

Cytokeratin

Ab stain

A

Epithelial cells

Squamous skin cells
Hepatocytes + Pneumocytes
Kidney tubules epit
Bladder transitional epit

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10
Q

Vimentin

Ab stain

A 
Mesenchymal cells (except musc)
(stains many sarcomas)

Bone
Cartilage + Connective Tissue
Adipose cells

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11
Q

Desmin

Ab stain

A

Muscle Cells

Smooth
Cardiac
Skeletal

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12
Q

GFAP

Ab stain

A

Glial Fibrillary Astrocytic Protein

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13
Q

Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) Poisoning

A

Occupational exposure (Dry Cleaning)

Cyp450 converts CCl4 to Cl3 (free radical)
Damages Brain, Liver, Kidneys

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14
Q

Vinyl Chloride

chemical carcinogen

A

Liver Angiosarcoma

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15
Q

Acetaminophen Toxicity

A

95% by glucuronidation (phase II process)
5% by P450 (CYP2E1)

Toxicity produces too much NAPQI (reactive compound) that binds with Glutathione (antioxidant) + depletes it

Produces zone 3 necrosis (centrilobullar area near central vein of liver, high cc P450 - also prone to ischemic damage)

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16
Q

Aromatic Amines + Azo Dyes

chemical carcinogen

A

Hepatocelullar Carcinoma
+
Bladder cancer

17
Q

Arsenic

chemical carcinogen

A

Squamous Cell Skin Carcinoma
+
Liver Angiosarcoma

18
Q

Aromatic Hydrocarbons

chemical carcinogen

A

Bronchogenic Carcinoma

19
Q

Asbestos

chemical carcinogen

A

Bronchogenic Carcinoma
+
Mesothelioma

20
Q

Benzene

chemical carcinogen

A

Leukemia

21
Q

Naphthylamine + Cyclophosphamide

chemical carcinogen

A

Bladder cancer

22
Q

Nitrosamine

chemical carcinogen

A

Gastric cancer

23
Q

3 Anaerobic Bacteria assoc w/

Lung Abscesses

A

Oral Flora producing cavitary lesion w/ air-fluid level
. Bacteroides
. Fusobacterium Nucleatum
. Peptostreptococcus

24
Q

SVC Sd

A

Obstruction of venous return of head, neck, arms
Facial + arm swelling, JVD, dyspnea
Assoc w/ Lung cancer (affecting superior mediastinum)

25
Q

Paget Disease of Bone

A

Chronic disorder in older males, enlarged head + chronic bone pain, hearing loss, hat size change
Assoc w/ paramyxovirus infection of osteoclasts
. Elevated Alkaline Phosphatase (bone formation)
. Elevated Urinary Hydroxyproline (bone resorption)

Medicine (7 decks)

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