Pathology

Question 1

Vaginal squamous cell carcinoma is found in which part of the vagina

Answer 1

Upper 1/3 (paramesonephric duct origin)

Question 2

Theca luteum cysts area associated with which pathologies

Answer 2

• Complete mole

* Choriocarcinoma

Question 3

Biopsy finding in a dysgerminoma/seminoma

Answer 3

Undifferentiated germ cells (“fried egg” appearance) with a lymphocytic infiltrate

Question 4

Type of cells that can be found in a gonadoblastoma

Answer 4

Sertoli or granulosa cells

Question 5

Characteristic biopsy finding in yolk sac tumors

Answer 5

Schiller-Duval bodies (papillary structure around central blood vessel - “glomerulus-like” structures)

Question 6

Serologic marker of yolk sac tumors

Answer 6

Alpha-fetoprotein

Question 7

Serologic marker of choriocarcinoma

Answer 7

Beta-hCG

Question 8

Characteristic biopsy finding in granulosa cell tumors

Answer 8

Call-Exner bodies (coffee-bean shaped secretory globules)

Question 9

Gene that increases breast cancer risk in both men and women

Answer 9

BRCA2

Question 10

Gene that increases breast and ovarian cancer risk

Answer 10

BRCA1

Question 11

Serologic marker for seminomas

Answer 11

Alkaline phosphatase

Question 12

Characteristic biopsy finding in Leydig cell tumors

Answer 12

Reinke crystals (cylindrical crystalloid eosinophilic bodies in the cytoplasm)

Question 13

Most common testicular cancer in elderly men

Answer 13

Lymphomas

Question 14

Sacrococcygeal teratomas arise from which embryonic structure

Answer 14

Primitive streak

Question 15

Fibrosis of which part of the male genitalia is seen in Klinefelter syndrome

Answer 15

Seminiferous tubules

Question 16

Hormones that are decreased in Klinefelter syndrome

Answer 16

• Testosterone

* Inhibin B

Question 17

Hormones that are increased in Klinefelter syndrome

Answer 17

• FSH
• LH
• Estrogen

Question 18

Renal anomaly associated with Turner syndrome

Answer 18

Horseshoe kidney

Question 19

Deletion of which gene results in short stature in patients with Turner syndrome

Answer 19

SHOX gene

Question 20

Mechanism of action of the E6 gene product

Answer 20

Inhibits p53

Question 21

Mechanism of action of E7 gene product

Answer 21

Inhibits RB

Question 22

Most common malignant stromal tumor

Answer 22

Granulosa cell tumor

Question 23

Biopsy finding in serous cystadenocarcinoma

Answer 23

Psamomma bodies and papillary structures

Question 24

Serologic markers for dysgerminomas

Answer 24

hCG and LH

Question 25

Most common cause of nipple discharge

Answer 25

Intraductal papilloma

Question 26

Most common testicular tumor in boys younger than 3 years

Answer 26

Yolk sac tumor

Question 27

Painful, hemorrhagic, testicular mass with necrosis and a glandular/papillary morphology

Answer 27

Embryonal carcinoma

Question 28

Failure of the testes to attach to the inner lining of the scrotum can lead to which pathology

Answer 28

Testicular torsion

Question 29

Testicular mass comprised of immature, primitive cells that may produce glands, and with hemorrhagic necrosis

Answer 29

Embryonal carcinoma

Question 30

Chemotherapy in this tumor can result in differentiation to another type of germ cell tumor

Answer 30

Embryonal carcinoma

Question 31

Serologic markers for embryonal carcinoma

Answer 31

AFP and beta-hCG

Question 32

Periareolar mass with green-brown nipple discharge

Answer 32

Mammary duct ectasia

Question 33

Subtype of invasive ductal carcinoma that is associated with BRCA1 mutations

Answer 33

Medullary carcinoma

Question 34

Characteristic biopsy finding of invasive lobular carcinoma

Answer 34

Grows in a single-file pattern, may exhibit signet cell morphology

Question 35

Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome is associated with what renal abnormality

Answer 35

Absence of kidney

Question 36

Type of bone mets seen in breast cancer

Answer 36

Lytic and blastic

Question 37

Type of breast cancer associated with Paget's disease

Answer 37

Invasive or in situ ductal cell carcinoma

Question 38

Fibrocystic change subtype that increases the risk for developing invasive carcinoma of the breast

Answer 38

Sclerosing adenosis and lobular hyperplasia with atypia

Question 39

Epidemiologic profile of patients with ductal ectasia

Answer 39

Elderly women with a smoking history

Question 40

Prenatal conditions that are associated with the development of congenital torticollis

Answer 40

Birth trauma and malposition of the head in utero

Question 41

Metabolic disturbance in a neonate born to a diabetic mother

Answer 41

Transient hypoglycemia