Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AIM - Renal > Pathology COPY > Flashcards

Pathology COPY Flashcards

(74 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

nephrotic syndromes

A
  • minimal change disease
  • FSGS
  • membranous nephropathy
  • diabetic nephropathy
  • amyloidosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

nephritic syndromes

A

-post-strep
glomerulonephritis
-berger’s (IgA) nephropathy
-diffuse proliferative glomerularnephritis
-crescentic GN (RPGN)
-Alport syndrome
-Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

nephrotic w/ foot process effacement

A

minimal change disease

FSGS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

immune complex deposition

A

membranous nephropathy

membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

mesangium deposition

A

diabetic nephropathy

amyloidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SLE related nephrotic syndrome

A

membranous nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

SLE related nephritic syndrome

A

diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis

*MOST COMMON SLE SYNDROME

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

thin/split BM

eye/ear disturbances

A

ALPORT SYNDROME

type IV collagen defect, nephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

selective proteinuria

A

minimal change disease

loss of albumin due to heparin sulfate loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

exquisite sensitivity to steroids

A

minimal change disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

minimal change sx but no response to steroids

A

FSGS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

HIV, sickle cell, heroin

A

FSGS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  • thick BM
  • subEPITHELIAL IC deposits (spike and dome)
  • absence of hypercellularity
  • (good prog in child, bad prog in adults
A

membranous nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

anti-phospholipase A2 receptor Abs

A

membranous nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

FSGS response to steroids

A

POOR, prog to chronic renal failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

membranous nephropathy response to steroids

A

POOR, prog to chronic renal failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  • recurrent hematuria
  • thick BM, focal sclerosis (mesangial)
  • nodular sclerosis (KIMMELSTIEL-WILSON BODIES)
  • preferential hyaline arteriosclerosis in EFF a.
A

diabetic nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

diabetic nephropathy MOA

A

hyperglycemia –> nonenzymatic glycation of tissue proteins –> mesangial expansion

GBM thickening/inc perm

hyperfiltration (glomerular HTN and inc GFR) –> glomerular hypertrophy and scarring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

most comm cause ESRD in US

A

diabetic nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

deposits in mesangium (B-pleated sheets)

- congo red –> apple-green birefringence

A

amyloidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

SLE
solid tumors
Hepatitis (B/C)

nephrotic syndrome

A

membranous nephropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

nephrOtic sx

A
  • proteinuria (>3.5 g/dl) –> FROTHY urine
  • hypOalbuminemia
  • hyperlipidiemia (fatty casts/oval bods)
  • hypercoaguability (AIII loss)
  • dec plasma oncotic P so fluid leaks into tissues –> dec ECV/GFR, inc RAAS –> EDEMA (LE, peri-orbital)
  • infections (loss of Ig)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

tx of which nephritic syndrome is usu supportive bc IC dissipate out

A

post-strep glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

M protein virulence fx
peripheral/periorbital edema
HTN
cola urine

A

post-strep glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
2-3 weeks post infection
post-strep glomerulonephritis
26
``` subEPITHELIAL humps ("lumpy-bumpy"), deposition capillary loops w/ neutrophils ```
post-strep glomerulonephritis
27
dec complement levels (C3) due to infection
post-strep glomerulonephritis type II membranoproliferazive glomerulonephritis
28
nephrITIC syndrome
- INFLAMM process damaging ENTIRE glomeruli - damaged filtration barrier --> dec GFR --> inc BUN/Cr - oliguria - inc hydrostatic P --> HTN, edema - filtration barrier to RBCs/protein lost (HEMATURIA) - ->salt retention (periorbital edema +HTN) - EM: hypercellular (neutrophils) - UA: RBC casts (glomerular bleeding), dysmorphic RBCs
29
all nephritic syndrome have sub_____ deposition, except _______, which has sub_____ deposition.
all nephritic syndrome have subENDOTHELIAL deposition, except POST-STREP GN, which has subEPITHELIAL deposition.
30
repeated mucosal (resp/GI) infec --> Ig deposition in. mesangium --> repeated hematuria slowly worsening renal func (BUN/Cr) over time
IgA nephropathy
31
nephritic syndrome days after infec
IgA nephropathy
32
cirrhosis celiac HIV
IgA nephropathy
33
IgA nephropathy w/ extra renal involvement
Henoch-Scholein Purpura (HSPI) deposition occurs outside kidney (GI, skin)
34
IgA nephropathy - glomeruli only
Berger disease
35
capillary loops THICKENED | subendothelial deposition
diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis
36
fever/rash/arthritis | immune complex deposition (subendo)+thickened capillary loops
IgA nephropathy
37
post strep glomerulonephritis can progress to
crescentic GN (RPGN)
38
finding of inflammatory debris (FIBRIN + macrophages)
crescentic GN (rapidy progressive glomerulonephritis)
39
lupus nephritis
"full house deposition" (IgG/M/A, complement) dx: ANA and anti-dsDNA
40
crescentic GN Crescents composition/location
crescents in Bowman's space fibrin + macrophages
41
crescents + ribbon like IgG deposition
anti-GBM | Goodpasture
42
crescents + granular IgG deposition
PSGN SLE IgA MPGN (idiopathic)
43
crescents + negative IF, ANCA+
``` pauci-immune Werger granulomatosis (c-ANCA), microscopic polyangitis or Churg-Strauss (p-ANCA) ```
44
type IV collagen defect (alpha 3,4,5)
alport syndrome
45
``` thick BM prolif mesangial cell matrix varying renal func chronic deposition of immune complexes double contours, hyper cellular, subendoethelial or within BM deposition ```
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
46
MPGN (types !, II) membranous nephropathy location of deposits?
MPGN I --> subENDOthelial MPGN II --> w/i BM membranous nephropathy --> subEPIthelial
47
tram track GBM
membranoproliferazive glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
48
``` thick BM prolif mesangial cell matrix tram tracks hepatitis B/C or idiopathic sub endothelial Ig depsoits w/ granular IF ```
``` membranoproliferazive glomerulonephritis (MPGN) type I ```
49
``` thick BM prolif mesangial cell matrix tram tracks low levels of circulating C3 IF: no IgG ```
``` membranoproliferazive glomerulonephritis (MPGN) type II ```
50
cyroglobulins
sign of active hep C think MPGN
51
``` membranoproliferazive glomerulonephritis (MPGN) type II MOA ```
assoc w/ C3 nephritic factor (AutoAb) --> stabilizes C3 convertase --> alternative path --> overactive complement --> buildup in GBM + inflammation LOW circulating C3 levels
52
palpable abd mass hematuria flank pain usu clear cell histo
renal cell CA
53
loss of VHL (tumor suppressor)
renal cell CA *can also be sporadic (male, smokers)
54
renal cell CA origin
PCT cells
55
yellow mass | highly vascular. often hemorrhage
renal cell CA
56
most common renal malignancy young child
Wilm's tumor | nephroblastoma
57
epithelium, storm, blastema on histo
wilms tumor
58
WT1 tumor suppressor mut
Wilms tumor
59
assoc w/ wilms
wagr syndorme beckwith wiedmann syndrome denys-drash syndrome
60
WAGR
``` wilms tunmor aniridia (iris absence) genital anomalies mental retardation deletion of WT1 gene chrom 11 ```
61
ped overgrowth disorder - wilms - neonatal hypoglycemia - macrosomia - muscular hemihypertrophy - organomegaly (tongue)
beck with wiedemann
62
diffuse mesangial sclerosis dysgenesis of gonads (male pseudohermaphroditism) WT1 mut
Denys drash syndrome
63
hamartoma (vessels/smc/adipose) benign tumor (young children) cardiac rhabodomyomas ash-leaf patches
angiomyolipma
64
tumor assoc w/ tuberous sclerosis
angiomyolipoma
65
benign epithelial neoplasm arising from CD tumor oncocytic cells (eos+ granular cytoplasm) NESTS/CORDS, myxoid stroma
oncocytoma
66
tan, well-circumscribed tumor
oncocytoma
67
malignancy assoc w/ L sided varicocele
renal cell CA
68
bladder (urothelial carcinomas)
older adults infiltrative, difficult to completely excise recurring UA: hematuria w/o casts
69
transitional cell CA
most common multifocal/recurrent ("field defect") damage to entire urothelium old/white/smoker NO casts in urine flat or papillary tx: chemo (platinum), surgery, radiation
70
tumor that is ideally tx w/ surgery (non-responsive to chemo)
renal cell CA
71
rare, need chronic inflammation of BLADDER risk fx: mult kidney stones UTI (schisto)
squamous cell CA( metaplasia --> dysplasia --> squamous cell CA)
72
rare, glandular prolif of bladder risk fx: urachal remnant (dome of bladder-umbilicus) long hx cystitis exstrophy
adenocarcinoma
73
types of urothelial CA
transitional cell CA squamous cell CA adenocarcinoma
74
tumor with large eos cells with abundant mitochondria without perinuclear clearing
oncocytoma

AIM - Renal (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions