Pathology: Digestive System Flashcards by Micaela Garza

Inability to relax the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract

Achalasia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Absence of teeth

Adonita

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Swallowing of air

Aerophagia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Inflammation of the pouches located around the annus.The term inspissation is the process of rendering dry or thick by evaporation and is used to describe the anal sac fluid in animals with this.

Anal sacculitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lack or loss of appetite

Anorexia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Parasitic infestation with round worms of the genus Ascaris

Ascariasis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

Ascites

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Occlusion or absence of normal body opening or tubular organ

Atresia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Accumulation of gas in the digestive tract. In monogastric animals this is accumulation of gas in the stomach. In ruminants this is accumulation of gas in the rumen, abomasum, or cecum. In ruminant’s gas accumulation is also called ruminal tympany

Bloat

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Gas movement in the gastrointestinal tract that produces a rumbling noise

Borborygmus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Involuntary grinding of the teeth

Bruxism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

General I’ll health and malnutrition; used in describing the condition of cancer patients

Cachexia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Inflammation of the gallbladders

Cholecystitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Degenerative disease that disturbs the structure and function of the liver

Cirrhosis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Means tawny, orange yellow which is the color of cirrhotic livers

Cirrh/o

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Severe abdominal pain. Is a common condition in horses and may be caused by several factors including ingesting large amounts of grain, pasture, fresh grass, or sand; excessive gas; stress; internal parasites; dehydration; suddenly dietary changes; and constipation. Signs include flanking or looking at the abdomen, bloated or distended abdomen, frequent lying down and standing, rolling kicking or biting at the abdomen, sweating, restlessness, constipation or no bowl movements and anorexia

Colic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Inflammation of the colon

Colitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Condition of prolonged gastrointestinal transit time, making the stool hard, dry, and difficult to pass

Constipation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Ingestion of fecal material

Coprophagia
The combining term copr/o means feces

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Feeding a suspension of fecal pellets from a healthy animal to an I’ll animal, is used in some animal species such as Guinea pigs and rabbits to treat gastrointestinal disease

Coprophagic therapy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Vice of equine in which an object is grasped between the teeth, pressure is applied and air is inhaled

Cribbing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dehydration

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Abnormal mineralized deposit that forms on teeth also called tartar

Dental calculus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Decay and decalcification of teeth, producing a hole in the tooth

Dental Caries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Abnormal frequency and liquidity of fecal material

Diarrhea

Disease of ruminants in which the fourth stomach compartment becomes trapped under the rumen; also called DA

Displaced abomasum

Inflammation of a pouch or ouches occurring in the wall of a tubular organ. A diverticulum is a ouch occurring on the wall of a tubular organ; diverticula are ouches occurring on the wall of a tubular organ

Diverticulitis

Difficulty defecating. Chezein is Greek for stool

Dyschezia Prefix dys mean difficult

Number of disorders marked by inflammation of the intestine, abdominal pain, and diarrhea

Dysentery

Difficulty swallowing or eating

Dysphasia The suffix Pharos means eating or swallowing

Marked wasting or excessive leanness

Emaciation

Forcible expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth; also know as vomiting. The material vomited is known as vomitus. When an animal is vomiting the recommendation is not to give anything orally

Emesis

Inflammation of the small intestine

Enteritis

Inflammation of the small intestine and large intestine

Enterocolitis

Benign tumor arising from periodontal mucous membranes

Epulis

Belching or raising gas orally from the stomach

Eructation

Return of stomach contents into the esophagus; also called gastrointestinal reflux disease or GERD

Esophageal reflux

Remove or expose internal organs.

Eviscerate

Metabolic disease in which the pancreas does not secrete adequate amounts of digestive enzymes and is associated with weight loss, fatty stools, and borborygmus; abbreviated EPI

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

Stone like fecal mass. The suffix lithiasis means presence of stones.

Fecalith

Excessive gas formation in the gastrointestinal tract

Flatulence

Condition usually seen in deep heated canines in which the stomach fills with air and expands

Gastric dilation Dilation is stretching beyond normal

Condition usually seen in deep chested canines in which the stomach fills with air, expands and twists on itself abbreviated GDV

Gastric dilation volvulus

Inflammation of the stomach

Gastritis

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine. Note that anatomically the stomach occurs first, followed by the small intestine

Gastroenteritis

Overgrowth of the gingiva characterized by firm, non painful swellings associated with the gingiva

Gingival hyperplasia

Inflammation of the gums

Gingivitis

Inflammation of the tongue

Glossitis

Vomiting blood

Hematemesis

Passage of bloody stool

Hematochezia

Blood in the peritoneum

Hemoperitonium

Inflammation of the liver

Hepatitis

Tumor of the liver

Hepatoma

Abnormal enlargement of the liver

Hepatomegaly

Protrusion of part of the stomach through the esophageal opening in the diaphragm

Hiatal hernia

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissues or a body cavity; also called dropsy

Hydrops

Elevated blood sugar levels

Hyperglycemia

Lower than normal blood sugar levels

Hypoglycemia

Inflammation of the ileum

Ileitis

Stoppage of intestinal peristalsis

Ileus

Obstruction of an area, usually when feed is too dry

Impaction

Lack of desire to eat

Inappetance

Inability to control. A descriptive term usually is applied is front of it; for example fecal incontinence is the inability to control bowel movements

Incontinence

A group of chronic gastrointestinal disorders that are characterized microscopically by the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the lining of the digestive tract; abbreviated IBD

Inflammatory bowel disease

Protrusion of bowel through the inguinal canal; protrusion is seen in the groin

Inguinal hernia

Telescoping of one part of the intestine into an adjacent part

Intussusception

Yellow discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by elevated bilirubin levels, also called Icterus

Jaundice

Condition of drowsiness or indifference

Lethargy

Impaired uptake of nutrients from the intestine

Malabsorption

Lack of proper food or nutrients in an animals body due to food shortage, poor eating habits, or the inability to digest, absorb and distribute these nutrients due to disease conditions. Animals with malnutrition break down their own tissues to meet their nutritional and metabolic needs.

Malnutrition

Abnormal contact between the teeth

Malocclusion Prefix mail means bad and occlusion means any contact between the chewing surfaces of the teeth

Abnormally large colon

Megacolon

Abnormally large esophagus

Megaesophagus

Black tarry stools containing digested blood. This suggests a bleeding problem in the upper gastrointestinal tract.

Melena

Stomach upset or sensation of urge to vomit; difficult to use descriptively in animals

Nausea

Complete stoppage or impairment to passage. Usually are preceded by a term that deceives it’s location

Obstruction When not complete is called partial obstruction

Abnormal opening between the nasal cavity and the oral cavity. May be congenital, traumatic, or associated with dental disease

Oronasal fistulas

Congenital fissure of the roof of the mouth that may involve the upper lip, hard palate, and soft palate; more commonly called cleft palate

Palatoschisis

Erosion through the entire thickness of a surface

Perforating ulcer

Inflammation of tissues and collection of pus surrounding the apical portion of a tooth root due to pupal disease

Periapical abscess

Inflammation of the tissue surrounding and supporting the teeth; also called periodontal disease

Periodontitis

Eating and licking abnormal substances or depraved appetite

Pica

Small, differential area on body surface. In the gastrointestinal system it is used to refer to the mixed colony of bacteria, leukocytes, and salivary products that adhere to the tooth enamel

Plaque

Excessive thirst or drinking ; PD

Polydispia Disp/o means thirst

Small growth on a mucous membrane

Polyp

Excessive eating or swallowing

Polyphagia Prefix poly means many or much

Protrusion of viscera. A descriptive term usually precedes the term.

Prolapse

Condition in which food is taken into the mouth and chewed but falls from the mouth

Quidding

Return of swallowed food into the oral cavity; a passive event compared with the force involved with vomiting

Regurgitation

Collection of saliva that has leaked from damaged salivary gland or duct and is surrounded by granulation tissue

Salivary mucocele

Diarrhea in livestock

Scours

To bypass or divert. In portosystemic shunt , blood vessels bypass the liver and blood is not detoxified properly

Shunt

Narrowing of an opening. Usually used with a descriptive term in front of it

Stenosis

Inflammation of the mouth

Stomatitis

Painful ineffective defection. Also means painful ineffective uriniation but is rarely use in this context

Tenesmus

Axial twist; twists around the long axis of gut

Torsion

Hairball. The combining of trich/o means hair

Trichobezoar

Erosion of tissue

Ulcer

Twisting on itself (end to end twist) twist around long axis of mesentery

Volvulus

Pathology: Digestive System Flashcards

(99 cards)