Pathology FLAPS

Question 1

The temporoparietal fascia (TPF) flap receives its blood supply from

Answer 1

the superficial temporal artery and vein

Question 2

The superficial temporal artery is a branch of the

Answer 2

external carotid artery.

Question 3

The auriculotemporal branch of the maxillary nerve runs

Answer 3

behind the superficial temporal artery, providing sensation to the scalp

Question 4

Auriculotemporal branch of the maxillary nerve provides sensation to the

Answer 4

Scalp

Question 5

What is considered Tb

Answer 5

Tumor involves the masticator space, pterygoid plates, skull base, or encases the carotid artery.
Considered very advanced local disease with a poorer prognosis.

The purpose of this separation into T4a and T4b was to emphasize the high rate of unresectability, local recurrence

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1368837518301611#:~:text=The%20American%20Joint%20Committee%20on,invades%20masticator%20space%20(MS)%2C

Question 6

The frontal branch of the facial nerve runs alongside

Answer 6

the superficial temporal artery.

Question 7

T4b is considered per Dr Helman

Answer 7

Non-resectable

Not necessarily true

Question 8

Masticator space for the purpose of T4b can be divided into

Answer 8

Two compartments based on the location the mandibular notch as supra-notch and infra-notch compartments.

Question 9

The temporalis muscle flap receives blood

Answer 9

The anterior and posterior deep temporal arteries, and the middle temporal artery. These arteries form a vascular plexus within the muscle.

Blood supply distribution
The anterior deep temporal artery (ADTA) supplies the anterior 20% of the muscle
The posterior deep temporal artery (PDTA) supplies the middle 40% of the muscle
The middle temporal artery supplies the remaining posterior region of the muscle

Question 10

T4b Infranotch

Answer 10

Masseter, the ascending ramus of the mandible as well the lower portion of the medial pterygoid

Upfront Surgery + CCRT/RT (as per HPR)

Question 11

T4b supranotch

Answer 11

Lateral pterygoid muscle, the tendon of temporalis and upper third of the pterygoid plates, Peritumoral edema above the zygoma

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
If good response; Surgery + CCRT
No response than CCRT/RT/palliative chemotherapy

Question 12

T4b Supranotch

Answer 12

Encasing the internal carotid or invading the skull base

Palliative RT/ chemotherapy

Question 13

When Squamous cell tumor is encased in the internal carotid or invading the skull base, what is the treatment

Answer 13

Palliative RT/ chemotherapy

Question 14

The anterior deep temporal artery (ADTA) supplies

Answer 14

the anterior 20% of the temporalis muscle

Question 15

The posterior deep temporal artery (PDTA) supplies

Answer 15

the middle 40% of the muscle

Question 16

Middle temporal artery a branch

Answer 16

of the superficial temporal artery, this artery supplies the posterior region of the muscle

Question 16

The middle temporal artery supplies

Answer 16

the remaining posterior region of the muscle