Pathology-signs & symptoms

Question 1

anorexia

Answer 1

lack of apeptite

Question 2

borborygmus (plural: borborygmi)

Answer 2

rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract

Question 3

constipation

Answer 3

difficulty in passing stools

Question 4

diarrhea

Answer 4

frequent passage of loose watery stools

Question 5

dysphagia

Answer 5

difficulty in swallowing

Question 6

eructation

Answer 6

gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth

Question 7

flatus

Answer 7

gas expelled through the anus

Question 8

hematochezia

Answer 8

passage of fresh, bright red blood from the rectum

Question 9

jaundice (icterus)

Answer 9

yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of teh eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood

Question 10

melena

Answer 10

black, tarry stools

Question 11

nausea

Answer 11

unpleasant sensation in the stomach

Question 12

steatorrhea

Answer 12

fat in the feces

Question 13

aphthous stomatitis

Answer 13

inflammation of the mouth with small painful ulcers

Question 14

dental caries

Answer 14

tooth decay

Question 15

herpetic stomatitis

Answer 15

inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with herpesvirus

Question 16

oral leukoplakia

Answer 16

white plaques or patches on the mucosa ofthe mouth

Question 17

periodontal disease

Answer 17

inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone

Question 18

achalasia

Answer 18

failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax

Question 19

esophageal varices

Answer 19

swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus

Question 20

gastric cancer

Answer 20

malignant tumor of the stomach

Question 21

gerd

Answer 21

solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach

Question 22

hernia

Answer 22

protusion of an organ or part through the tissues and muscles

Question 23

peptic ulcer

Answer 23

open sore in teh lining of the stomach or duodenum

Question 24

anal fistula

Answer 24

abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus

Question 25

colorectal cancer

Answer 25

adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both

Question 26

crohn disease

Answer 26

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

Question 27

diverticulosis

Answer 27

abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall of the colon

Question 28

dysentery

Answer 28

painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection

Question 29

hemorrhoids

Answer 29

swollen twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region

Question 30

ileus

Answer 30

loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines

Question 31

IBD-infammatory bowel disease

Answer 31

inflammation of the colon and small intestine

Question 32

IBS-irritable bowel syndrome

Answer 32

abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, but without abnormalities in the intestines

Question 33

ulcerative colitis

Answer 33

chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers

Question 34

volvulus

Answer 34

twisting of the intestine on itself

Question 35

cholelithiasis

Answer 35

gallstones in the gallbladder

Question 36

cirrhosis

Answer 36

chronic degenerative disease of the liver

Question 37

viral hepatitis

Answer 37

inflammation of the liver caused by a virus