Patient Assessment

Question 1

What equipment?

Answer 1

• sat monitor
• ambu bag
• thermometer
• stethoscope
• BP cuff

Question 2

Normal Pulse

Answer 2

60 - 100 bpm

Question 3

Bradycardia

Answer 3

Less than 60 bpm

Question 4

Tachycardia

Answer 4

Greater than 100 bpm

Question 5

Places to check for pulse

Answer 5

Radial, brachial, popliteal, pedal

Question 6

Pulses Paradoxus

Answer 6

Decrease in strength in pulse during inhalation

Question 7

Pulsus alternans

Answer 7

Irregular pulse with alternating strong and weak pulse

Question 8

What weak pulse mean?

Answer 8

Low BP

Question 9

What does strong and bound pulse mean?

Answer 9

Increased CO2 levels

Question 10

Normal respirations

Answer 10

12 - 20 bpm

Question 11

Biots

Answer 11

Irregular with periods of apnea

Question 12

Cheyenne Stokes

Answer 12

Irregular increase and decrease depth and rate with periods of apnea

Question 13

Kussmauls

Answer 13

Deep and fast

Question 14

Apneustic

Answer 14

Prolonged inhalation

Question 15

Asthmatic

Answer 15

Prolonged exhalation with abdominal muscles

Question 16

Apnea

Answer 16

No breathing

Question 17

Paradoxic

Answer 17

Chest wall and abdomen move in opposite directions

Question 18

Ataxic

Answer 18

Completely irregular

Question 19

Normal pulse oximetry saturation?

Answer 19

95 - 100%

Question 20

Capillary refill

Answer 20

Less than 3 seconds

Question 21

Cause of clubbing

Answer 21

Chronic hypoxia

Question 22

Stridor

Answer 22

Upper airway obstruction
Inspiratory: narrowing above glottis
Expiratory: narrowing of lower trachea

Question 23

Acute Stridor

Answer 23

Croup

Question 24

Pleural friction rub

Answer 24

Creaky sound pleural area is inflamed

Question 25

Fine crackles

Answer 25

Alveoli ‘popping’ open - late crackles (restrictive) - early crackles (obstructive)

Question 26

Coarse crackles

Answer 26

Airflow moves fluid in airways (rhonci)

Question 27

Wheezes

Answer 27

Airway obstruction - monophonic: 1 airway (tumor) - polyphonic: airwayS (asthma)

Question 28

Tracheal breath sounds

Answer 28

High pitch, loud, tubular, heard on expiration more than inhalation

Question 29

Bronchivesicular breath sounds

Answer 29

Moderate pitch, equally heard on inspiration and expiration

Question 30

Vesicular breath sounds

Answer 30

Low pitch, soft, heard on inspiration

Question 31

Restrictive diseases

Answer 31

Pneumonia Pulmonary fibrosis Altelectasis

Question 32

Obstructive

Answer 32

Asthma Cystic fibrosis Emphysema Bronchiectasis

Question 33

Hypotension

Answer 33

Less than 90/60

Question 34

Hypertension

Answer 34

Greater than 140/90

Question 35

Normal systolic

Answer 35

100-140

Question 36

Normal diastolic

Answer 36

60 - 90

Question 37

Normal temperature

Answer 37

98.6 F or 37 C

Question 38

Places to take temperature

Answer 38

- buccal - under tongue - ear - axillary

Question 39

Cause of peripheral hypoxia

Answer 39

Poor blood flow (perfusion)

Question 40

Cause of central hypoxia

Answer 40

Respiratory failure

Question 41

Tracheal push

Answer 41

(Outside): pneumothorax, pleural effusion

Question 42

Tracheal pull

Answer 42

(Inside): pulmonary fibrosis, atelectasis, pneumonia

Question 43

Cause of JVD

Answer 43

Right heart failure

Question 44

Decrease resonance

Answer 44

High pitch, short, dull/flat - pneumonia, atelectasis, pleural effusion, pulmonary fibrosis

Question 45

Increase resonance

Answer 45

Low pitch, loud, -Emphysema, pneumothorax

Question 46

Causes of subcutaneous emphysema

Answer 46

Trach, trauma, surgery

Question 47

Increase tactile fremitus

Answer 47

Pneumonia, atelectasis, pulmonary fibrosis

Question 48

Decrease tactile fremitus

Answer 48

Pneumothorax, pleural effusion

Question 49

Decrease bilateral chest excursion

Answer 49

COPD

Question 50

Unilateral chest excursion

Answer 50

Pneumothorax, atelectasis, pleural effusion

Question 51

Increase AP diameter

Answer 51

Emphysema

Question 52

Cause for abdominal distention

Answer 52

Enlarged liver - right heart failure

Question 53

Cause of edema

Answer 53

Congestive heart failure - pitting: intention - weeping: fluid leak