Patient Assessment part 1

Question 1

Where can body temperature be measured?

Answer 1

Oral, rectal, axillary, ear

Question 2

What regulates body temperature?

Answer 2

Hypothalmus

Question 3

What does the term febrile mean?

Answer 3

Patient has a fever

Question 4

What does the term afebrile mean?

Answer 4

Without a fever- patient does not have a fever

Question 5

Body temperature is an indicator of the patients what?

Answer 5

Patients metabolic rate

Question 6

What are acceptable sites to measure a patient pulse?

Answer 6

Radial, brachial, femoral, carotid, apical

Question 7

When evaluating a patient’s pulse what should be noted?

Answer 7

Rhythm, rate, strength, irregularities

Question 8

What is a normal adult heart rate?

Answer 8

60- 100 beats per minute

Question 9

What is the first sign of hypoxemia?

Answer 9

Tachycardia

Question 10

What is hypoxemia?

Answer 10

Decreased oxygen level in the arterial blood

Question 11

What is diaphoresis?

Answer 11

Sweating

Question 12

What is syncope?

Answer 12

Fainting

Question 13

What is a normal adult respiratory rate?

Answer 13

12 -20 breaths per minute

Question 14

What are the parts of a stethoscope?

Answer 14

chest piece, diaphragm, bell, binaural or ear pieces, tubing

Question 15

What is the term used to describe listening to breathsounds?

Answer 15

Auscultation

Question 16

What is the term used to describe normal breathsounds?

Answer 16

Vesicular- clear- normal

Question 17

What is the normal breath sound heard over the trachea?

Answer 17

Tracheal

Question 18

What type of breath sound will clear with a cough?

Answer 18

Rhonchi

Question 19

What breath sound will occur if there is an obstruction in the trachea & larynx?

Answer 19

Stridor

Question 20

What breath sound(s) will occur if the patient has fluid in the lungs?

Answer 20

Crackles, rales, rhonchi

Question 21

Are rhonchi a continuous or discontinuous sound?

Answer 21

Continuous

Question 22

Are rales (crackles) a continuous sound or discontinuous sound?

Answer 22

Discontinuous

Question 23

What breath sound will occur if there is a constricted bronchial wall?

Answer 23

Wheeze

Question 24

What type of sound does a pleural rub make and what causes this sound?

Answer 24

Pleural friction rub- caused from inflamed pleural surfaces rubbing together

Question 25

Posterior

Answer 25

Back

Question 26

Anterior-

Answer 26

front

Question 27

Lateral

Answer 27

side

Question 28

What is Pulsus Paradoxus or paradoxus pulsus?

Answer 28

When pulse and blood pressure vary with respiration- BP and Pulse strength decrease on inspiration

Question 29

What is the term for an increased body temperature and what can cause it to increase?

Answer 29

Hyperthermia- fever, infection/illness, hormonal imbalance, decreased heat loss, increased environmental temperature, drug interactions

Question 30

What is the term for a decreased body temperature and what can cause it to decrease?

Answer 30

Hypothermia- exposure to cold, blood loss, hypothalmus injury, diaphoresis, hormonal imbalance

Question 31

What is the term for an increased heart rate and what could cause this to increase?

Answer 31

Tachycardia – hypoxemia, fever, heart abnormalities, emotional stress, exercise, response to medications, blood loss volume

Question 32

What is term for a decreased heart rate and what could cause this to decrease?

Answer 32

Bradycardia – hypothermia, syncope, heart abnormalities, depressant drugs, infections, well-conditioned athlete

Question 33

What is the term for an increased respiratory rate and what could cause this to increase?

Answer 33

Tachypnea—hypoxemia, fever, pain, exercise, metabolic acidosis, fear, anxiety

Question 34

What is the term for a decreased respiratory rate and what could cause this to decrease?

Answer 34

Bradypnea—hypothermia, head trauma narcotic overdose, sedative overdose

Question 35

What is the term for an increased blood pressure and what could cause this to increase?

Answer 35

Hypertension—hypoxemia, increased intracranial pressure, right sided CHF- congestive heart failure, fluid overload, stimulant drugs, exercise, emotional stress

Question 36

What is the term for a decreased blood pressure and what could cause this to decrease?

Answer 36

Hypotension—shock, hormonal imbalance, depressant drugs, fluid loss, left sided CHF, Positive pressure ventilation/PEEP, positioning, peripheral vasodilation

Question 37

What does systolic pressure measure?

Answer 37

Pressure measure in the arterial system when the ventricles of the heart are contracting

Question 38

What does diastolic pressure measure?

Answer 38

Pressure measured in the arterial system when the ventricles of the heart are at rest

Question 39

Which blood pressure measurement is the most critical and why?

Answer 39

Diastolic—it’s the lowest pressure that the arterial system & heart are subjected to

Question 40

What is normal pulse pressure and how do calculate this?

Answer 40

35-40 mmHg Calculated by: Systolic pressure – Diastolic pressure

Question 41

What factors affect a patient’s blood pressure?

Answer 41

Pumping action of the heart, resistance in the cardiovascular system, elasticity of the vessels, blood volume, viscosity of the blood