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Intro to Health Professions > Patient Centered Care > Flashcards

Patient Centered Care Flashcards

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1
Q

Lean into your what, it’s how you learn and grow

A

Discomfort

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2
Q

It is our what obligation as health professionals, public health experts, researchers, and administrators to ensure this (patient-centered care) for patients and families

A

Ethical obligation

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3
Q

Cognitive errors can do what to patient-centered care?

A

Disrupt

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4
Q

Errors in health care can be based on overlearning what ideas about people?

A

False ideas

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5
Q

How to improve patient centered care: Critical thinking, research, and using the other part of the what?

A

Brain

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6
Q

To what is human?

A

Care

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7
Q

To err is what?

A

Human

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8
Q

Striving to do what is also human?

A

Better

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9
Q

Patient centered care includes mission and values aligned with patient what?

A

Goals

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10
Q

Patient centered care includes care is collaborative, coordinate, and what?

A

Accessible

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11
Q

Patient centered care includes physical comfort and emotional well-being are top what?

A

Priorities

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12
Q

Patient centered care includes patient and family viewpoints respected and what?

A

Valued

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13
Q

Patient centered care includes patient and family always included in what?

A

Decisions

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14
Q

Patient centered care includes family welcome in care what?

A

Setting

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15
Q

Patient centered care includes full what of fast delivery and information?

A

Transparency

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16
Q

Part of our what is designed to make quick decisions?

A

Brain

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17
Q

A cognitive error is a mental what that our brain takes to deal with a lot of information quickly?

A

Mental shortcut

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18
Q

Cognitive errors are also called cognitive what?

A

Cognitive biases

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19
Q

It is a pattern of “thinking” errors that are what, not random?

A

Systemic

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20
Q

The cognitive biases are common-place and often committed what?

A

Unintentionally

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21
Q

People tend not to be what of their cognitive biases until they are taught to recognize them?

A

Aware

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22
Q

You can practice catching the errors and what them, even in the face of still experiencing the cognitive bias?

A

Challenging them

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23
Q

We catch the biases of using another part of our brain – the what cortex?

A

Prefrontal

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24
Q

We learn and what by storing the new memories in the temporal lobe?

A

Remember

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25
We keep practicing because when we are under time pressure, tired, or stressed, we are what to the cognitive biases?
Vulnerable
26
Cognitive biases affect what?
Health care
27
Availability bias is when we decide something based on the first thing that comes to our what -- the idea that is most "available"
Mind
28
A very recent or very memorable experience has extra what on our patient-centered decision making?
Influence
29
Physicians who saw adverse events with a drug in one patient, were then less likely to prescribe that same drug for another patient regardless of whether the second patient was likely to experience risks or what from the drug?
Benefits
30
When doctors had a patient with a negative birth outcome, they were more likely to switch the birthing what on the next patient, regardless of appropriateness to the next patient
Intervention
31
Confirmation bias is the tendency to give greater weight to data that supports a preliminary diagnosis while failing to seek or dismissing what evidence?
Contradictory
32
Failure to entertain a new diagnosis in the face of an established what?
Diagnosis
33
Dismissal of laboratory results as false when they fail to support the favored what?
Diagnosis
34
One study of trauma patients found that there were reasoning errors in what percent of trauma resuscitations?
100%
35
Overlearned false ideas about different social what that can also negatively affect patient-centered care?
Groups
36
Are men, women, or both more likely to be misunderstood in health care?
Both
37
Research shows lower quality care occurs what for certain social groups?
Systemically
38
That doesn't mean every single person in a minoritized social group in every single situation experiences worse what?
Treatment
39
It does mean that, on what, the research shows a pattern of certain social groups receiving worse health care, that is, less patient centered care compared to other groups
Average
40
The lack of patient-centered care is not always what?
Intentional
41
The cognitive errors we make about some social groups are sometimes unconscious and sometimes intentional because of overlearned false what?
Ideas
42
Regardless of the intent, the what of those false ideas leads to negative health outcomes
Impact
43
Much more research is needed to understand the impact of bias and what on people living in rural areas?
Stigma
44
Genetics is a major cause of what?
Obesity
45
Hormonal changes or imbalances can cause weight what?
Gain
46
Many what can have side effects that contribute to weight gain, such as steroid treatments for auto-immune diseases, some anti-depressants?
Medications
47
Sleep disorders and what can contribute to weight gain?
Stress
48
People who are overweight have tried over and over to lose weight, but often are not given good advice on the best way to do this. And, even if they are using the very best practices, it may not make a what?
Difference
49
People who have disabilities -- False assumptions of incompetency: so automatically talk to the family member, not the patient about medical what?
Decisions
50
People who have disabilities -- False assumptions of a lack of sexuality or attractiveness: So don't think to have safer sex conversations or reproductive health care what?
Discussions
51
People who have disabilities -- Concerns that people with disabilities are too expensive to take care of: So don't invest in accessible equipment such as exam tables or tell patients that they don't have room in their what?
Practice
52
Risk of wrong diagnosis increases: Patients get inadequate or inadequate what?
Treatment
53
Risk of wrong diagnosis increases: Patients get what referrals for screenings and tests?
Delayed
54
Risk of wrong diagnosis increases: Increased mortality and what for patients?
Morbidity
55
People are disrespected, not believed, misunderstood, and hurt: Health care experience is what?
Stressful
56
People are disrespected, not believed, misunderstood, and hurt: Decreased trust of what?
Provider
57
People are disrespected, not believed, misunderstood, and hurt: Less likely to come back for more what?
Care
58
People are disrespected, not believed, misunderstood, and hurt: Health professional has effectively decreased access to what?
Health care
59
What race of patients were more likely to receive better quality care?
White patients
60
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the best way to measure how well your what are working?
Kidneys
61
The actual GFR test is what, and cannot be easily done in a doctor's office?
Complicated
62
Laboratories use math equations based on creatinine instead to what the GFR instead of measuring it. This is how we get eGFR.
Estimate
63
A race correction is based on the belief that black people have higher higher muscle what than white people?
Muscle mass
64
False-muscle-mass-assumption is a bias rooted in dehumanizing justifications for what?
Slavery
65
Wrong assumption leads to the 'normal range' eGFR for African Americans to be in the higher numbers to account for the so-called muscle mass what?
Difference
66
Has a 'muscle mass' correction also occurred for women compared to men?
No
67
Dangerous result: African Americans have not been referred for needed what because they were incorrectly assumed to be okay
Interventions
68
The National Kidney Foundation changed their recommendations when?
In 2021
69
Race is a what construct and has been since at least the 1700s. Race is not biological
Social construct
70
Is there a race gene?
No
71
Genetic what that exists across humans is extremely small (.01%)?
Diversity
72
Since the Human Genome Project of the early 1990s, it has been confirmed that the idea of what meaningful races is flawed?
Biologically
73
Is sickle cell based on race or place?
Place
74
Make sure that our textbooks are not what false ideas or biases because they are using outdated scientific methods or stereotypes about groups of people?
Reinforcing
75
Students make a what?
Difference
76
Watch out for racialized medical tools and medical findings -- they are often based on false ideas that race is a what construct?
Biological construct
77
See and what to the individual needs of your patient and their family?
Listen
78
CUE health professionals to watch out for biases, avoid making assumptions, and be methodical about asking questions to formulate a good diagnosis based on data, not on what?
Hunches
79
Listen to and believe your patients, regardless of their background. Remember, social biases are real and affect what?
Health outcomes
80
Keep looking for ways to improve health care for all. Remember that the eGFR "race correction" didn't change until 2001, even though the Human Genome Project in the 1990s knew that race was not a what construct?
Biological
81
Remember that more research is what to understand the experiences and unique health care needs of patients?
Needed
82
Get involved, spend time with, listen and dialogue with people who may seem different from you on the what? Find connection
Surface
83
Listen for what (not to respond). Don't try to explain someone else's experience to them -- Listen, believe
Understanding
84
Immerse yourself in learning what?
Oppurtunities

Intro to Health Professions (6 decks)

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