Patrol Principles

Question 1

“Patrol” is thought to be derived from the French word patrouiller, which originally meant ?

Answer 1

“to tramp in the mud”

Question 2

The function of security is?

Answer 2

prevent and control loss

Question 3

Defined as the act of moving about an area to provide protection and to conduct observation

Answer 3

Patrol

Question 4

Contingent upon organizations’ needs, this could include trespassing, noise violations, safety violations, lease violations by tenants, alcohol violations, parking violations, and so on.

Answer 4

Detection of criminal or unauthorized activity

Question 5

This includes projecting a security presence onto the environment. Making the security program visible will at least temporarily suppress criminal/unauthorized activity.

Answer 5

Prevention and deterrence of crime and unauthorized activity

Question 6

Officers may help ensure compliance with administrative agency regulations such as OSHA, EPA, or U.S. Labor Department mandates

Answer 6

Ensure compliance and organizational policy

Question 7

This could include any type of fire, safety, or health hazard, such as chemical spills, overcrowding of rooms/area, radiation leaks, coffee pots left on, leaking pipes, unsanitary conditions, congested areas, mechanical failures, and so on.

Answer 7

Assess, report, and record loss-causing situations or circumstances.

Question 8

There are a host of possible lines of inquiry that can be requested of the patrol officer by management.

Answer 8

Investigate as directed by the central alarm station(CAS), dispatch, or supervisor in charge.

Question 9

This includes alarms, locks, lights, CCTV, access points, and physical barriers such as fence lines. While assuming greater importance in high-security installations, this is a function of patrols in all environments to some degree.

Answer 9

Test and inspect the physical security system.

Question 10

Should there be an outage or malfunction of a physical security system component, the patrolling officer will stand by and assume a fixed post at the affected point/area until the situation is remedied. This may simply involve calling maintenance and standing by until a lock is fixed, or it may require continuous posting out in a high-security facility with an alarm or power outage.

Answer 10

Act as a compensatory measure during system outages

Question 11

This is where security patrol has traditionally varied from police patrol; while security emphasizes prevention, law enforcement emphasizes response to problems. Unfortunately, security departments must be able to respond professionally to accidents, fights, fires, intrusions, assaults, thefts, HAZMAT problems, or other reasonably foreseeable emergencies. Staffing levels, response times, training, and equipment must all support the requirement for emergency response.

Answer 11

Respond to emergencies

Question 12

This can include opening up areas and making them ready for visitors. It could also include dispensing literature, conduction of formal or informal surveys of visitors, testing equipment, finding lost children, or acting as an escort.

Answer 12

Performance of other services required by management

Question 13

The provision of security services is a ?

Answer 13

Business necessity

Question 14

Two basic types of patrol

Answer 14

Foot and mobile

Question 15

Include the use of automobiles, bicycles, mopeds , and golf carts.

Answer 15

Mobile patrols

Question 16

Normally conducted by one officer “walking a beat”. Areas to be patrolled are both indoors and outdoors.

Answer 16

Foot patrols

Question 17

What can a foot patrolman learn when doing patrols?

Answer 17

1. Will learn what doors and windows are normally locked or unlocked
2. what lights are normally left on at night
3. what personnel are authorized in certain areas
4. where emergency equipment is located
5. what potential hazards exist

Question 18

Another advantage of foot patrol

Answer 18

An officer could place himself or herself at or near high security risk areas on a frequent and random basis

Question 19

Major drawbacks to foot patrols (List 6)

Answer 19

1. small size of the area that can be patrolled effectively
2. the amount of time taken to conduct one round while carefully checking everything
3. getting from one part of the area to another
4. access to emergency equipment if needed
5. personnel costs involved
6. Inclement weather conditions

Question 20

Advantages of mobile patrol (List 4)

Answer 20

1. It is mobile
2. Can patrol a much larger area
3. Has access to emergency equipment
4. Can carry different amounts and types of equipments

Question 21

First factor to consider in selecting what type of mobile patrol to use

Answer 21

Initial cost of purchase

Question 22

Second factor to consider in selecting what type of mobile patrol to use

Answer 22

Ongoing maintenance costs

Question 23

Third factor to consider in selecting what type of mobile patrol to use

Answer 23

Size of the area to be patrolled

Question 24

Fourth factor to consider in selecting what type of mobile patrol to use

Answer 24

Need to access emergency and other equipment, such as first-aid kits, traffic control equipment, extra rain ponchos, additional radios, and so on

Question 25

Fifth factor to consider in selecting what type of mobile patrol to use

Answer 25

Type of facility being protected, and the organizational image and culture of the facility

Question 26

Last factor to consider in selecting what type of mobile patrol to use

Answer 26

The threat model and degree of vulnerability of the facility

Question 27

Enable the officer to search a large and/or complex environment very quickly with minimal manpower

Answer 27

Dogs

Question 28

Preparation for going on patrol duty is not only the physical act of putting on a uniform; it also requires ?

Answer 28

Mental and psychological preparation

Question 29

There should be absolutely no ingestion of alcoholic beverages or other psychoactive substances at least?

Answer 29

8 hours before going on duty

Question 30

All personal and company equipment issued or used while on duty should be checked to ensure that it is?

Answer 30

in working order

Question 31

Maintain a professional—not personal—relationship with them. Have some idea what their jobs and/or functions are. Most people will gladly elaborate on what they do if asked in a tactful manner.

Answer 31

Get to know people in the patrol environment

Question 32

Get in the habit of checking maintenance tags on equipment. Know what the equipment does.

Answer 32

Inspect equipment

Question 33

Consider taking an orientation tour with the maintenance department.

Answer 33

Get to know maintenance personnel and procedures

Question 34

Become familiar with the alarms and CCTV in each protected point and area.

Answer 34

Visit the central alarm station, if possible.

Question 35

The majority of patrol activity is focused on the prevention of?

Answer 35

Criminal behavior

Question 36

A crime cannot occur unless three elements are present.

Answer 36

Opportunity, desire, tools

Question 37

An effective patrol officer, by following accepted patrol procedures, can and will hinder the first element.

Answer 37

Opportunity to commit a criminal act

Question 38

First principle of patrol

Answer 38

It should always be done in a random fashion

Question 39

Second principle of patrol

Answer 39

Frequency of patrol should be random

Question 40

Another principle of patrol

Answer 40

Communication

Question 41

First proper radio procedure

Answer 41

Listening before speaking into the radio

Question 42

Second proper radio procedure

Answer 42

Depressing the microphone a split second before and after speaking

Question 43

Third proper radio procedure

Answer 43

Speaking clearly and a little more slowly than normal

Question 44

Fourth proper radio procedure

Answer 44

Not broadcasting when not necessary

Question 45

Fifth proper radio procedure

Answer 45

Avoiding the use of profanity, horseplay, or confidential information

Question 46

Last proper radio procedure

Answer 46

Scanners abound

Question 47

This game is played as an officer patrol his or her area by thinking of any possible incident, remote as it might be, that could at any place or time.

Answer 47

"What if" game

Question 48

Patrol officers check scraps being thrown away, look for lights, heat, and water turned on needlessly.

Answer 48

Waste

Question 49

Officers look for spills and other slippery walking conditions. Always observe all around patrol points for fire hazards, materials stacked too high, and so on. “Look up, down, and all around.”

Answer 49

Accident

Question 50

Patrol officers should be thoroughly briefed prior to their shift as to what activities are occurring in their patrol environment. They should check and doublecheck schedules of building openings and shipments of personnel arrivals.

Answer 50

Error

Question 51

Become familiar with criminal behaviors in the local area. Also, keepup-to-date on criminal trends within the industry. Speaking with local police and reading industry-specific management literature are good ways to maintain one’s professional education. Also, patrol in a random manner and develop professional relationships with people in the patrol area so that you are approachable. If people observe something that doesn’t quite seem right, and they are comfortable talking with a security officer about it, they will.

Answer 51

Crime

Question 52

Patrol officers should be wary of fraternizing with employees (“Familiarity breeds contempt”).

Answer 52

Unethical/unprofessional practices

Question 53

Feeling tired or worn out can affect the way an officer perceives things (with the use of all five senses).

Answer 53

Fatigue

Question 54

The more often a task is performed, the more it becomes routine and boring.

Answer 54

Boredom

Question 55

Preoccupation with __________ distracts from keeping one’s mind on the job and should not be brought to work with the officer.

Answer 55

Personal problems

Question 56

Officers with security or law enforcement experience will recognize things such as burglary tool marks or the smell of marijuana more quickly than an inexperienced officer.

Answer 56

Known facts

Question 57

Officers do many various things, many of which don’t even appear to be connected, and things can happen very quickly.

Answer 57

Variety of activities

Question 58

Age or illness affects an officer’s senses; the older or sicker he or she becomes, the less quickly the body is able to respond to stimuli.

Answer 58

Failing senses

Question 59

These can be weather, highway traffic conditions or lighting (day patrol vs. night patrol, interior patrol and exterior patrol).

Answer 59

Environmental conditions

Question 60

Things that are closer to us are easier to perceive, and things more distant are harder to identify clearly.

Answer 60

Distance

Question 61

The more intense a person’s involvement in an activity, the faster time seems to go.

Answer 61

Time

Question 62

The longer a stimulus is received, the more accurate the interpretation will be.

Answer 62

Duration of the input