PATTERNS AND TRENDS = INTERSECTIONALITY

Question 1

what is the sociologist who argues about feminism for intersectionality?

Answer 1

Sylvia Walby

Question 2

what does Walby argue?

Answer 2

• effects of patriarchy and capitalism later developing a triple system of oppression which included racism impacts
• Theorizing Patriarchy
• the concept of patriarchy is important but it’s not fixed and changes over time, evolving from private patriarchy to public patriarchy in employment and politics
• gender transformation
• overall = young well-educated women have made progress in social life

Question 3

Whose ideas does Walby mix?

Answer 3

• Marxist and radical feminism

Question 4

what does Theorizing Patriarchy mean?

Answer 4

• analysis that radical feminists see patriarchy as universal and unchanging and ignore the impact of class and ethnicity on gender
• Marxist feminism is problematic because it focuses too much on capitalism and fails to explain women’s exploitation
• liberal feminists don’t consider that the structure of society affects gender relations

Question 5

what are the six patriarchal structures in society which restrict women’s and men’s domination according to Walby?

Answer 5

1. paid employment = ideology that women are to stay home and experience horizontal and vertical segregation with low pay and low status
2. Household = exploited in family and take primary responsibility even if working full time paid employment
3. The state = acts more interesting men than women in terms of taxation, welfare state
4. cultural institutions = media represent women as sex objects and mothers reinforcing patriarchal ideology
5. sexuality = double standard applied men applauded for multiple sexual partners but women slut shamed for it
6. Violence against women = used by men to control their women

Question 6

explain Walbys study called gender transformation

Answer 6

• numerous social changes affecting gender relations, patriarchy
• older women still experience private patriarchy whereas young tend to have better educational qualifications
• greater sexual freedom
• however, some young women are still poor qualified and heavily dependent on husbands and well-qualified women find it hard to reach the top - vertical segregation

Question 7

evaluation of Walby

Answer 7

• Stacey criticises Walby’s over-emphasis of social structure on behaviour and argues women negotiate such systems and are more active