Patterns of health and illness

Question 1

Using what can we get a rough idea of the health of a population

Answer 1

1. Death rates
2. Life expectancy
3. Neonatal/ infant mortality and maternal mortality
4. Morbidity rates

Question 2

In the uk how has the life expectant changed?

Answer 2

Over time the life expectancy has increased

Question 3

In the uk how has infant mortality rates changed?

Answer 3

It has decreased over time

Question 4

In the uk how has maternal mortality rate changed?

Answer 4

It has improved over the years

Question 5

Who statistically lives linger men or women?

Answer 5

Women live longer but the additional years are not always healthy

Question 6

Where is infant and maternal mortality highest?

Answer 6

In poorer countries

Question 7

What is the life expectancy in Africa?

Answer 7

Less than 60 (compared to over 80 in some countries)

Question 8

What is the leading cause of premature death worldwide?

Answer 8

noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) & injuries

Question 9

How many deaths do noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) account for?

Answer 9

70%

Question 10

Give examples of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)

Answer 10

1. Cardiovascular diseases
2. Cancer
3. Respiratory disease
4. Diabetes

Question 11

Other than NCDs give some other major causes of death worldwide

Answer 11

1. Tobacco
2. Harmful alcohol consumption
3. Obesity
4. Pollution
5. Mental disorders
6. Volence
7. Suicide

Question 12

Name some other threats to health

Answer 12

1. Epidemic prone diseases
2. Infectious diseases
3. Foodboirne outbreaks
4. Radio-nuclear and toxic threats
5. Environmental disasters
6. Conflicts

Question 13

Where do food borne outbreaks originate from?

Answer 13

Microbial contamination, chemical and toxins that can spread through international trading

Question 14

Give some examples of environmental disasters

Answer 14

1. Heatwave
2. Climate change
3. Earthquake
4. Carbon dioxide. lead poisoning
5. Tsunami

Question 15

Name the country with the lowest life expectancy?

Answer 15

Mean from Central African republic with 51 years

Question 16

Name the country with the highest life expectancy?

Answer 16

Japanese women with 87 years

Question 17

Where and among whom are suicide mortality rates highest?

Answer 17

Men in the European region and women in south eat Asia

Question 18

Which country has the highest level of road traffic deaths?

Answer 18

Africa and other low/ middle income countries

Question 19

Which country has the highest level of pollution related deaths?

Answer 19

Africa
indonesia
Sri Lanka
Thailand

Question 20

Where is homicide rate significantly higher?

Answer 20

In the American region followed by the African region

Question 21

Which age range is mostly affected by the rising homicide rate?

Answer 21

15-49 YEARS

Question 22

What challenges do developing countries face on top NCDs?

Answer 22

1. Infectious diseases
2. Poor access to safe water
3. Pollution
4. Malnutrition
5. Poorer environments
6. Poor access to services

Question 23

What is the unaired nations doing to combat health inequality?

Answer 23

They have proposed 17 main sustainable development goals for 2030

Question 24

What are the United Nations sustainable development goals aiming to promote?

Answer 24

The integration and balance of he three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social and environmental.

Question 25

What has improved since the United Nations SDGs have been implanted?

Answer 25

1. Global life expectancy has increased by 5.5 years 2. 24 Health related SGDs have shown improvement 3. Vaccination coverage rated increased

Question 26

What hasn't improved since the United Nations SDGs have been implanted?

Answer 26

1. The number of children under 5 who are overweight has inccreased 2. Maria incidences 3. Harmful use of alcohol 4. Deaths from road traffic injuries 5. Access to safety water and sanitation

Question 27

Name 4 things that can help improve health globally?

Answer 27

1. Improve accès to health servies 2, Address risks to health 3. Make health systems responsive 4. Invest in data systems fro health

Question 28

What are the 3 qualities of a good health care system?

Answer 28

1. It is accessible 2. Universal coverage 3. Efficient

Question 29

List the components of a health care system

Answer 29

1. Structure (Primary, secondary to tertiary care?) 2. Who works in the system (Personnel) 3. What does the system am to achieve (Function) 4. Location 5. Funding 6. Remuneration 7. Target population 8. Outcome

Question 30

What is health influenced by in Great Britain?

Answer 30

Influenced by the social and physical environments in which we live

Question 31

What does improving health in the uk require?

Answer 31

Requires political action to modify harmful environments

Question 32

Name some global burdens of oral disease worldwide

Answer 32

1. Dental caries 2. Periodontal disease 3. Number of sound teeth (Edentulousness) 4. Oral cancer and mucosal lesions 5. Impact of HIV/AIDs 6. NOMA 7. Ordental trauma 8. Dental erosion and fluorosis 9. Economic impact of oral disease 10. Development disorders

Question 33

How has the caries prevalence in the uk changed in the last 40 years?

Answer 33

1. In 5 year olds caries prevalence has reduced from 72% to 31% 2. In 15 year old caries prevalence has reduced from 97% to 46%

Question 34

What is caries prevalence severity correlated with?

Answer 34

Severity is correlated with deprivation

Question 35

How has the Epidemiology of periodontal disease changed over the years?

Answer 35

1. Periodontal disease is more prevalent | 2. Advanced periodontitis less prevalent

Question 36

Which dental condition is on the rise?

Answer 36

Tooth wear