Patterns of Lung Disease

Question 1

Histological differential for ground-glass attenuation (3)

Answer 1

Partial filling of airways (blood, pus, water or cells)
Alveolar wall thickening
Atelectasis

Question 2

Broad differential for acute ground-glass opacification or consolidation (5)

Answer 2

Hemorrhage
Pneumonia 
Cardiogenic edema (heart failure) 
Non-cardiogenic edema (ARDS) 
Aspiration 

(blood, pus, water or cells)

Question 3

Broad differential for chronic consolidation (4)

Answer 3

Adenocarcinoma
Organizing pneumonia
Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia
Lymphoma

Question 4

Broad differential for chronic ground-glass attenuation (4)

Answer 4

Adenocarcinoma
Organizing pneumonia
Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia
ILD subtypes (HP, DIP or NSIP)

Question 5

Broad differential for peripheral ground-glass or consolidation (3)

Answer 5

Organizing pneumonia
Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia
Pulmonary infarction

Question 6

Main differential consideration for smooth (often symmetric) interlobular septal thickening

Answer 6

Pulmonary edema

things that affect the pulmonary veins

Question 7

Main differential consideration for irregular interlobular (often asymmetric) interlobular septal thickening

Answer 7

Lymphangitic carcinomatosis
+/- Sarcoidosis

(things that affect the pulmonary lymphatics)

Question 8

Describe the mechanism of crazy paving

Answer 8

Interlobular septal thickening, with superimposed ground-glass opacification

Question 9

Broad differential for crazy paving (7)

Answer 9

Pulmonary edema
Hemorrhage
ARDS

Alveolar proteinosis
Adenocarcinoma
Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
Lipoid pneumonia

Question 10

Most common cause of crazy paving

Answer 10

Pulmonary edema