Paxk Flashcards
(36 cards)
Label
What are the main organs in each quadrant?
The liver and gall bladder in the RUQ
The Stomach and spleen in the LUQ
The appendix and cecum in the RLQ
The end of the descending colon and the sigmoid colon in the LLQ
What are the main organs in each quadrant?
The liver and gall bladder in the RUQ
The Stomach and spleen in the LUQ
The appendix and cecum in the RLQ
The end of the descending colon and the sigmoid colon in the LLQ
What is the location of the referred pain coming from organs derived from the foregut?
In the epigastric region
What is the location of the referred pain coming from organs derived from the midgut?
In the umbilical region
What is the location of the referred pain coming from organs derived from the hindgut?
Hypogastric region
What are the layers of the anterior abdominal wall?
Skim
Superficial fascia:
1. Camper (Fat)
2. Scarpa (Membrane)
Deep fascia (Has the same name as the muscle it is sitting on)
Muscles
Transveraslis fascia
What is the deepest layer in the anterior abdominal wall?
Transversalis fascia
What is the function of the external oblique muscle?
Bend the body to the side same side and turn it towards the opposite side.
What is the function of the internal oblique muscle?
Bend and rotate to the same side
What is the function of the transversus abdominis?
Compress abdominal contents and build internal pressure
What is the function of the rectus abdominis?
Flex vertebral column and tense abdominal wall
What is the nerve innervation of the anterior abdominal wall?
5 Lower intercostal: T7-T11
1 Subcostal: T12
L1 nerves: illiohypogastric and illioinguinal
How can L1 be anesthetized?
By injecting 1 inch superior to the anterior superior iliac spine
In what part of the anterior abdominal wall do the blood vessels lie?
In the neurovascular plane: between the internal oblique and the trasverse muscles
What are the arteries that supply the anterior abdominal wall?
Superficial arteries: Lie on the superficial fascia, supply the skin, and are a branch of the femoral artery:
1. Superficial epigastric
2. Superficial circumflex iliac
Deep arteries: Lie in the neurovascular plane.
1.Superior epigastric
2.Posterior intercostals
arteries
3.Lumbar arteries
4.Inferior epigastric
5.Deep circumflex iliac artery
What is the venous drainage of the anterior abdominal wall?
Superficial veins are split into two regions:
Above the umblicus: Drains into the axillary vein via the lateral thoracic vein.
Under the umblicus: Into the femoral
vein via the Superficial
epigastric and great saphenous veins
The paraumbilical veins connect the superficial veins with the portal venous system, which run alongside the ligamentum teres hepatis.
The Deep veins rung along side the arteries.
What is the lymph drainage of the anterior abdominal wall?
Above the umblicus: Anterior axillary lymph nodes
Below the umblicus:
Superficial inguinal nodes
What is the rectus sheath?
It is the fusion of the tendons (aponeurosis) of the three anterior abdominal wall muscles that is located on top of the rectus abdominus muscle.
How does aponeurosis of the tendons of the three muscles (Rectus sheath) differ above and under the arcuate line?
Above the arcuate line the rectus sheath covers both the anterior and posterior wall
Under the arcuate line only the anterior wall is covered by the rectus sheath.
What is the difference in the amount of layers of the rectus sheath above and below the arcuate line?
Above:
Anterior: All of the external oblique muscle and half of the internal oblique
Posterior: The other half of the internal oblique and the transveralis abdominis + Transversalis Fascia.
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Under:
Anterior: The external, internal, and transverus abdomins aponeurosis.
Posterior: No rectus sheath only transveralis fascia.
What passes through the inguinal canal in males?
The spermatic cord and the genitofemoral nerve that supplies the cremaster muscle.
What passes through the inguinal canal in females?
The Round ligament of the uterus which is accompanied by the genital branch of the genitofemoral
What nerve passes through the inguinal canal in both genders?
Ilioinguinal nerve
