Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PHRM820 > PBA Review > Flashcards

PBA Review Flashcards

(84 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Blood pressure is measured in….

A

mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Heart rate is measured in….

A

BPM (beats per minuite)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Inhalations are measured in….

A

RPM (respirations per minuite)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Scholar S means….

A

Symptoms (what symptoms have you noticed?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Scholar C means….

A

Characteristics (describe your swelling)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Scholar H means….

A

History (has this happened before? does anyone in your family have high blood pressure?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Scholar O means….

A

Onset (when did you first start experiencing this?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Scholar L means….

A

Location (Where is the swelling occurring, has it happened anywhere else?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Scholar A means….

A

Aggravating Factors (Is there anything that you have noticed that makes the symptoms worse?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Scholar R means….

A

Remitting Factors (is there anything that helps relieve the symptoms?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Normal heart rate for a newborn

A

70-170

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Normal heart rate for 1-6 years old

A

75-160

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Normal heart rate for 6-12 years old

A

80-120

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Normal heart rate for an adult

A

60-100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Normal heart rate for conditioned athletes

A

50-100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Normal respiratory rate for newborns - 6 months

A

30-60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Normal heart rate for 6-12 months

A

24-30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Normal heart rate for 1-5 years

A

20-30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Normal heart rate for 6 years old and above

A

12-20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Blood pressure is ?BP/?BP

A

Systolic / Diastolic SBP/DBP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is normal BP in adults?

A

<120 mmHg / <80 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is elevated BP in adults

A

120-129 mmHg / <80 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Stage 1 hypertension is

A

130-139 mmHg / 80-89 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Stage 2 hypertension is

A

> 140 mmHg / >90 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What BP is needed to be a hypertensive urgency?
>180 mmHg / >120 mmHg
26
Primary headaches - no underlying cause What types?
Tension Migraine Cluster
27
Secondary headaches - underlying cause What underlying causes?
Stroke Hypertensive crisis Trauma Infections
28
Tension headaches
Most common form of headache May be induced by stress, anxiety, or awkward head/neck movements More common in women May be episodic or chronic (15 more more per month)
29
What are symptoms of tension headaches?
Dull, bilateral pain (hatband pain) Constant not pulsing Photophobia or phonophobia
30
Type of pain in a migraine?
Throbing or pulsating
31
Casues or triggers or migraines?
Neuronal or vascular changes
32
Location of migraines?
Unilateral, usually only seen on one side of the head
33
Onset of a migraine?
Very sudden
34
Duration of a migraine?
4 to 72 hours
35
Symptoms of migraines?
Photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, vomiting, aura
36
Treatment for migraines?
Dark room, lying down, botulism toxin, triptans, biologics
37
Type of pain in cluster headaches?
Severe, constant, sharp
38
Causes or triggers of cluster headaches?
Hypoxia (low levels of oxygen), unusual histamine or serotonin release
39
Location of cluster headaches?
Unilateral around / behind the eye
40
Onset of cluster headaches?
Sudden
41
Duration of cluster headaches?
15m - 3 hours but can keep reoccurring over months
42
Symptoms of cluster headaches
Photophobia, phonophobia, nasal congestion, eye swelling
43
Treatment for cluster headaches?
Oxygen
44
Type of pain in tension headaches?
Dull, squeezing, not pulsating
45
Causes of tension headaches?
Stress, anxiety
46
Location of tension headaches?
Bilateral (hatband)
47
Onset of tension headaches?
Gradual
48
Duration of tension headaches?
Variable, hours to days
49
Treatment of tension headaches?
Analgesics, caffeine, stress management
50
Self care treatment for headaches (non-pharm)
Avoid stress or triggers Exercise, massage, stretching, sleep hygiene Heat or cold packs
51
Self care treatment for headaches (pharm)
Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen, Excedrin (asprin, caffeine, acetaminophen) Do not take OTCs for more than 15 days in a month causes rebound headaches
52
When to refer for a headache
Uncontrolled hypertension Trauma Neck stiffness Fever, weakness, fatigue (signs of infection) Stroke Confusion Frequent occurrence >15 per month Sudden, frequent onset headaches in older population OTCs ineffective Having migraine / cluster headaches
53
What is conjunctivitis
Inflammation of the conjunctiva - the thin mucus layer on the outside of the eye
54
Causes of conjunctivitis?
Infection (bacterial or viral) Allergies
55
How long does conjunctivitis usually last?
2-3 weeks
56
What is bacterial conjunctivitis usually caused by?
S. pneumonia, S. aureus, H. influenzae
57
Symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis?
Ocular YELLOW/GREEN discharge, often worse in the morning May start in one eye and spread to the other Red / pink eyes Eye pain, blurred vision
58
Treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis?
Antibiotic eye drops (refer) Frequent hand washing Avoid sharing objects
59
Cause of viral conjunctivitis?
Adenovirus, viral is more common than bacterial
60
Do you refer for bacterial or viral conjunctivitis?
Bacterial to get antibiotics Viral cannot be treated with antibiotics
61
Symptoms of viral conjunctivitis?
Usually clear, watery discharge Red/ Pink eyes May have other URT symptoms such as rhinitis, sore throat or cough Eye pain
62
Treatment of viral conjunctivitis?
OTC eye lubricants, ocular decongestants, oral antihistamines. cold compress Frequent hand washing Avoid sharing objects
63
What are the triggers for allergic conjunctivitis?
Common allergens, pollen, pets, dust mites
64
Symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis?
Eye itching, discomfort Clear watery discharge Pink / Red eyes Sneezing / Rhinorrhea
65
Treatment of allergic conjunctivitis?
Allergen avoidance Eyedrop antihistamines / vasoconstrictors Mast cell stabilizers (cromolyn eye drops)
66
Causes of dry eye conjunctivitis?
Increased age Female sex Allergens Medications (anticholinergics, diuretics, decongestants, antidepressants) Dry air
67
Symptoms of dry eye conjunctivitis?
Sandy / gritty feeling or like something is stuck in the eye
68
Treatment of dry eye conjunctivitis?
Avoid triggers Screen downtime Air humidifiers Artificial tears
69
What is irritant conjunctivitis?
Foreign body in the eye (chemicals, smoke, objects, chlorine)
70
Treatment of irritant conjunctivitis?
Remove objects Eye flush with clean water Avoid irritation any further (rubbing)
71
What is blepharitis?
Inflammation of the edge of the eyelid (may be swollen, inflamed, itchy)
72
Causes of blepharitis?
May be caused by allergies or bacterial
73
Treatment for blepharitis?
Warm compress Artificial tears Eyelid cleaning / cleansing May lead to formation of stye if left untreated
74
What eye conditions do you self treat?
Dry eye conjunctivitis Allergic conjunctivitis Viral conjunctivitis Mild blepharitis or styes that have not yet been treated or are newly formed
75
Eye conditions that lead you to refer
Eye pain Significant vision changes Unable to remove foreign body Photophobia Trauma Symptoms not improving or worsening Self-care options have been unsuccessful Contact lens wearers Exposure to chemicals Sever eye redness
76
How to counsel on eye drops
1. Wash hands well with soap and water and dry 2. Remove glasses or contacts 3. Remove the cap, making sure nothing touches the tip of the bottle 4. Tilt you head back or lie down, gently pull the lower lid of your eye down to form a pocket (kids pull top of eyelid) 5. Hold the bottle close to the eye but make sure it doesn't touch the eye or eyelid 6. Look away from the drop and place one drop into the eye 7. Hold eyelid to allow the solution to spread, then close eye and apply light pressure to nasolacrimal opening on side of nose for 30 seconds to avoid systemic absorption and loss of product 8. Wipe any excess liquid from the face 9. Wait 5 minutes before applying second drop 10. Wash hands afterwards to remove any medication
77
What is otitis externa?
Swimmer ear (inflammation and or infection of the external ear canal)
78
What cause otitis externa
Frequent / constant moisture (sweat/water) Trauma (cotton swabs) Chronic earpiece wearing
79
Symptoms of otitis externa
Ear pain / swelling with / without purulent discharge Fever Hearing impairment
80
Treatment of otitis externa
Eardrops (antibacterial and / or glucocorticoid) Antiseptic drops Oral analgesics (ibuprofen / Tylenol)
81
What is otitis media
Inflammation of the middle ear
82
Who usually get otitis media
Usually occurs in young children (common ear infection) Can be bacterial or viral
83
Symptoms of otitis media
Ear pain (child tugging at bear, cranky, feeling bad) Decreased hearing Fever
84
Treatment of otitis media
Most cases resolve on their own / self-limiting Analgesics or antipyretics for duration of illness May consider oral antibiotics if not cleared up in 48 hours

PHRM820 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions