PBL 42 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What are the the big 5 CAMs?
- Acupuncture
- Chiropractic
3 Herbal medicine - Homeopathy
- Osteopathy
Which CAMs have evidence in favour of them?
- Acupuncture
- Osteopathy
- Chiropractic
The knee joint is what type of joint?
- Hinge-type
- Synovial
What are the different articulations of the knee joint?
- Tibiofemoral
- Patellofemoral
Function of the patella?
Increase power of the knee extensor and serves as a stabilising structure that reduces frictional forces placed on femoral condyles
Neurovascular supply to the knee joint?
Genicular branches of the femoral and popliteal arteries
Femoral, tibial and common fibular nerves
The medial and lateral menisci are made of?
Fibrocartilage
2 functions of menisci?
- Deepen the articular surface of the tibia, increasing stability of the joint
- Act as shock absorbers by increasing the surface area to further dissipate forces
What are the shapes of the medial and lateral menisci?
- Medial = C
- Lateral = O
Where do both of the menisci attach?
To both ends of the intercondylar area of the tibia
Which of the two menisci are mobile and which is fixed?
Medial is fixed
Lateral is mobile
What makes the medial meniscus fixed?
It is attached to the tibial/medial collateral ligament and the joint capsule
Damage to the tibial collateral ligament usually results in a….
Medial meniscal tear
What is a bursa?
A synovial fluid filled sac
What is the function of bursae?
It is found between moving structures in a joint and it reduces the wear and tear on those structures
What are the 4 bursae of the knee joint?
Suprapatella
Infrapatella
Prepatella
Semimembranosus
What are the major ligaments of the knee joint?
Patellar ligament
Medial and lateral collateral ligaments
Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments
What is the patellar ligament a continuation of?
The quadriceps femoris tendon distal to the patella
Where does the patellar ligament attach?
The tibial tuberosity
The collateral ligaments are …-… ligaments
Strap-like
What is the function of the collateral ligaments?
Stabilise the hinge motion of the knee, preventing excessive medial or lateral movement
Which of the medial and lateral collateral ligaments are thin and round, and which is wide and flat?
Thin and round = lateral
Wide and flat = medial
Where does the medial collateral ligament attach proximally and distally?
Proximally = medial epicondyle of femur Distally = medial condyle of the tibia
Where does the lateral collateral ligament attach proximally and distally?
Proximally = lateral epicondyle of femur Distally = lateral surface of fibular head
