PBL - anatomy + histology of upper GI tract Flashcards
(20 cards)
3 types of salivary glands
- parotid
- submandibular
- sublingual
term given to food when it has been broken down by enzymes in the mouth
bolus
3 sections of the pharynx
naso-
oro -
laryngo-
where does the epiglottis lie?
between oro- and laryngopharynx
when eating, is the epiglottis open or closed?
closed
at what thoracic level does the thoracic oesophagus become the abdominal oesophagus?
T10 - at the abdo hiatus
branches of which 3 arteries supply the oesophagus?
- inferior thyroid
- oesophageal branches of left gastric
- thoracic aorta
which 2 veins of the oesophagus’ vasculature anastomose?
oesophageal tributaries of the left gastric vein and
oesophageal tributaries of the azygos vein.
where is the upper oesophageal sphincter?
between pharynx + oesophagus
where is the lower oesophageal sphincter? what name is given to this? what thoracic level?
between stomach and distal oesophagus
gastro-oesophageal junction
T11
when does the Lower oesophageal sphincter open?
during peristalsis - sphincter relaxes -food enters
what is the role of the sphincters?
prevent acid reflux
type of mucosal epithelia in the oesophagus?
stratified squamous
4 sections of the stomach
cardia, fundus, body, pylorus
2 sphincters of the stomach
gastro-oesophageal
pyloric sphincter
3 ways the stomach withstands acidic enviroment?
- protective mucus layer
- cells secrete a buffer
- produce less acid on an empty stomach
type of mucosal epithelia in the stomach?
simple columnar
which part of the GI tract has crypts of Lierberkuhn?
duodenum
which part of the GI tract has brunner;s glands?
duodenum
function of brunner’s glands?
secrete mucus-rich alkaline secretion to protect the stomach from acidic damage
