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Midterm > PCM > Flashcards

PCM Flashcards

1
Q

is a contract wherein patient
voluntarily gives permission to someone
(healthcare staff) to perform a service.

A

Consent

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2
Q

What are the types of consent

A

Implied consent
expressed consent
verbal consent
written consent
informed consent

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3
Q

What are the types of consent

A

Implied consent
expressed consent
verbal consent
written consent
informed consent

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4
Q

The patient indicates a willingness by his or
her behavior. (Voluntarily Action)

A

Implied consent

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5
Q

Is valid consent given in writing or
orally. Express consent is when the patient directly
communicates their positive and explicit consent to the doctor
or healthcare provider.

A

expressed consent

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6
Q

VERBAL CONSENT- it is acceptable when the procedure are
limited ; it is necessary for a witness to be present during the
explanation and the giving of the consent

A

VERBAL CONSENT

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7
Q

is consent signed by patient or legal guardian, and duly countersigned by a witness.

A

WRITTEN CONSENT

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8
Q

notifying the patient of specific procedures
and the options involved in his/her care.

A

Informed consent

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9
Q

what is the process informed consent

A

-PX is informed about the procedure’s risk and benefits and its alternatives
-PX can ask questions and they should be answered with satisfaction
-PX have had time (if needed) to discuss the the plan with family or advisors
-PX can use the information the HC provider gives to decide which they think is in their best interest
-PX will communicate their decision to the doctor

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10
Q

what are the levels of consect?

A

Blank consent
inadequate consent
basic or simple consent

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11
Q

forms that are often signed when the
patient enters the hospital.

A

blank consent

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12
Q

known as ignorant consent,
occurs when the patient has not been informed
adequately to make responsible decision

A

inadequate consent

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13
Q

entails letting the patient
know what you would like to do; giving basic
information about the procedure; and ensuring that
the patient assents or consents to the intervention

A

basic or simple consent

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14
Q

Referral from the attending physician to
provide direction for care for the assessment of
each patient’s need and prescribed therapeutic
procedures to promote health

A

physician order

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15
Q

request indicated the patient’s
information, the name or the examination to be
done, the affected part and initial findings to be
ruled out.

A

xray request

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16
Q

what are the information should be included in the physician’s order?

A

-PX’s full name, and the date and time the order is written
-the date and time or the frequency the drug is being administer
-the generic or trade name of drug
-the dosage and route of administration
-The physician’s signature

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17
Q

if the RT notices the xray request is different from the condition of the PX what should you do?

A

always double check and do not act swiftly, always get consent from the physician or nurse

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18
Q

if there is a lack of examination request in xray request, what should you do?

A

inform the physician and get the order from them

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19
Q

is the rt allowed to modify procedures?

A

yes, on the lines of positioning and ohter procedural modifications, however they cannot modify nor alter the xray request

20
Q

what should you do to the patient that owns a valuable and it is required to be removed

A

always remind PX to hold onto their valuables and do not leave them unattended. As an RT do not touch any of their valuables

21
Q

what is the process of dressing and undressing incapable px?

A

in the upper body, undressing PX should be done by removing the sleeve from the uninjured part before the injured part.

in dressing PX in upper body, we should put the sleeve on injured part first.

same with the lower body. do not forget to ask for consent and use draw sheet if necessary

22
Q

if a blind person came to the Radiology department what should you do?

A

be consensual and be nice, always respect their capabilities. If they can perform the activity let them.

23
Q

is a sore on the skin or a mucous membrane, accompanied by
the disintegration of tissue

A

ulcer

24
Q

is often visible in the event of exposure to heat or cold,
irritation, or a problem with blood circulation.

A

skin ulcer

25
Q

what are the causes of ulcers?

A

-impaired blood circulation
-bacterial or viral infections
-cancers
-Blood disorders and chronic wounds can result in skin ulcer as
well.

26
Q

what are the symptoms of Skin ulcer?

A

-appear as open craters
-skin is red and swollen
-PX feel pain around the S.U
-fluid may ooze from the Ulcer
-sometimes PX may experience bleeding
-and fever
-

27
Q

what is the healing range of Skin ulcer?

A

usually 12 weeks and more if it is chronic

28
Q

what are the symptoms of chronic ulcers?

A

-pain
-friable granulation tissue
-foul odor
-wound breakdown instead of healing

29
Q

What are the symptoms of Venous skin ulcer

A

-appear on lower leg
-if infected it will emit foul odor
-and may appear reddish and swollen

30
Q

What is the Wagner’s grading of skin ulcer?

A

0-may progress mag heal
1- mababaw pero di nag heheal
2- malalim kita na soft tissue and bones
3- may nana
4- inaamputate na

31
Q

what are the usual treatment for skin ulcers?

A
  1. topical antibiotic
  2. surgical debridement
  3. change their diet
  4. Exercise, stop smoking, and lose weight
  5. Using compression stockings to prevent blood pooling and back flow
  6. lower sugar intake
32
Q

decubitus came from what word?

A

latin word “decumbre” means to lie down

33
Q

what is the main cause of decubitus ulcer?

A

prolong sitting and pressure

34
Q

what are the common places for decubitus ulcers?

A

hips
back
ankle
buttocks.

35
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of decubitus ulcer?

A

*Discoloration of the skin
* Areas of open skin
* Infection and signs of hot or red skin
* Pain in the pressure area
* Skin that won’t lighten when touched
* Skin areas that are of a different texture than the skin
around it

36
Q

Medical Staff will evaluate the condition of the decubitus ulcer according to

A

1.The size of the decubitus ulcer and depth of the crater
2. What kind of tissue is affected by the ulcer: skin, bone, or muscle
3. The color of the ulcer and skin around it
4. The tissue death caused by the ulcer
5. The presence of infection, bleeding or foul odor

37
Q

what are the treatment for decubitus ulcers?

A
  • clean and dress the wound
  • meticulous wound care with frequent dressing changes
    -antibacterial drugs
  • analgesics
    -debridement surgery
    -diet change and increase fluid intake
38
Q

how to prevent decubitus ulcers?

A
  • change pX position every 2 hrs
  • use support systems to the pressure points
    -keep skin clean and moisturized
    -healthy diet with 8-10 glasses of water
    -do ROM exercises everyday
    -clean carefully after wiwi and popoo and aplly formulated cream to the fragile spots
39
Q

are supportive devices used to help
keep an injured bone in place while it
heals.

A

casts

40
Q

what are the types of casts?

A

plaster and synthetic

41
Q

mold very smoothly the body contour, it was invented in paris around 1970s. IT is heavy and will take time to dry

A

plaster cast

42
Q

this cast is made out of fiber glass. The process of putting this cast is to soak the hand in water and put the cast around the affected area, this allows xrays to penetrate, it is light weight and it is more breathable

A

synthetic` cast

43
Q

his is made of hard plastic. Soft
pads inside the brace push against
(compress) the injury. The brace is held in
place with Velcro strips and can be removed

A

cast brace

44
Q

this is made from slabs of plaster or
fiberglass that hold the injury still. A bandage is wrapped around the
injury to hold the plaster slabs in
place.

A

splint or half cast

45
Q

what are the complications of casts?

A
  1. NEUROVASCULAR PROBLEMS (Compartment Syndrome)
  2. PRESSURE ULCERS/SORES-
  3. IMMOBILITY/DIUSE SYNDROME-

Midterm (4 decks)

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