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PCP rotation Flashcards

1
Q

treatment croup

A

Dexamethasone (0,6 mg/kg for kids liquid

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2
Q

Tx rosacea

A

Metronidazole (Abx) cream NOT steroids (too harsh on skin)

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3
Q

what is the organism that commonly causes croup

A

Parainfluenza

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4
Q

3 Abx used in treatment of acute cystitis

A

Trimethoprim/sulf (Bactrim)
Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid)
Amoxicillin/Clav (Augmentin)

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5
Q

if you suspect pyelonephritis, which Abx do you start prophylactically while waiting for culture

A

Ceftriaxone

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6
Q

most common pathogens of urethritis?`

A

gonorrhea, chlamydia

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7
Q

Tx urethritis

A

Azithro + ceftriaxone (1 dose each)

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8
Q

you see gram negative diplococci on UA culture. What organism is causing the dysuria?

A

gonorrhea

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9
Q

most common cause of bronchiolitis in young kids

A

RSV

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10
Q

what disorder is directly linked to the presence of HLA-B27 marker?

A

Ankylosing spondylitis (type of arthritis)

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11
Q

which 3 medications can be used for somatic symptoms of hot flashes/menopause?

A

Effexor, Gabapentin, Clonidine

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12
Q

what is the treatment for ER/PR receptor-positive breast cancer tumor that is 1.2 cm?

A

Chemo - usually Tamoxifen, but only if tumor is <1 cm

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13
Q

what is the treatment for ectopic pregnancy?

A

Methotrexate

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14
Q

what are 3 causes of B12 deficiency?

A

pernicious anemia (body attacks parietal cells, autoimmune), chronic use of PPIs, Gastric bypass surgery

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15
Q

what does a COOMBs test look for?

A

autoimmune destruction of RBCs; if positive, body surrounds RBCs and attacks it

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16
Q

AEA antibody is positive for which GI disease?

A

Celiac sprue

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17
Q

an AIDS patient with suspected toxoplasmosis of the brain should get what imaging (and what would it reveal?)

A

MRI - ring-enhancing lesions

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18
Q

pathognomonic imaging finding for sarcoidosis?

A

bilaterally hilar adenopathy

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19
Q

which type of murmur crescendo, descrescendo systolic murmur that radiates to the carotids

A

aortic stenosis

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20
Q

what are the 2 major criteria for endocarditis?

A

vegetation on valves via TEE, bacteremia positive for staph aureus

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21
Q

What diameter in ABI score is indicative for PAD?

A

> 1.3

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22
Q

Tx whooping cough vs tx croup

A

Whooping cough: Azithromycin

Croup: Dexamethasone (viral)

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23
Q

Patient with known lung cancer presents with arm edema, dilated veins in chest, JVD. This is a complication known as

A

SVC syndrome, tumor obstructing SVC

24
Q

Tx sarcoidosis

A

Corticosteroids

25
What does secretin test do?
Stimulates pancreas, evaluates for remaining function in chronic pancreatitis patient
26
How is ERCP different from pancreatic US for assessing for pancreatitis
US looks at pancreatic head, ERCP looks into pancreatic duct
27
Which type of hemorrhoids hurt?
External
28
2 most important medications for treating cirrhosis complicated by ascites?
Lasix + spironolactone (get the fluid off and keep potassium supplies)
29
What is the culprit of hepatic encephalopathy?
Ammonia buildup (liver can't clear it). Give lactulose and neomycin to prevent absorption of ammonia
30
Skip lesions is pathognomonic for EGD in Crohn's, but what will you find on barium CT?
Cobblestoning, string sign
31
A1C of _____ is diagnostic of Diabetes?
>6.5
32
Addison's disease is a deficiency of what?
corticosteroids and mineralocorticoids (sugar and salt)
33
treatment of Adrenal insufficiency (Addisons)
prednisone + fludrocortisone
34
what is ramsay hunt syndrome?
herpes zoster infection of facial nerve - affects face and ear dermatomes
35
serum uric acid at what level is diagnosis of gout
>7
36
symptomatic vs prophylactic tx Lupus
Symptomatic: NSAIDs or Steroids Prophylactic: Hydroxycholorquine
37
head CT of a hemorrhagic stroke appears what color?
White
38
head CT of ischemic stroke appears what color?
black
39
egg shell calcifications on XRAY is diagnostic of what lung disease?
silicosis
40
positive serologic AEA is positive for?
Celiac
41
positive ANCA is indicative of?
Ulcerative Colitis
42
ASCA positive serology is indicative of?
Crohn's disease
43
tx torsades?
IV Magnesium
44
ST elevation in leads II, III, aVF is MI in which artery?
inferior - RCA
45
ST elevation in leads V1-V5 is MI in which artery
Anterior - LAD
46
ST elevation in leads I, aVL, V5, V6 is MI in which artery
Lateral - LCA
47
reciprocal changes in V1 - V3 is what kind of MI
posterior (tricky!)
48
patient with otitis externa BUT they have tympanostomy tubes placed. Treatment?
Ofloxacin drops (NEVER neomycin or gentamycin)
49
which class of medication has a risk of achilles tendon rupture?
fluoroquinolones
50
what lab value should you closely monitor in patients with acute pancreatitis and are admitted
BUN - check every 8 hours. Rising BUN = inadequate fluid resuscitation and higher risk for in-hospital mortality
51
what is the gold standard for diagnosing kidney stones?
CT scan (after UA shows hematuria)
52
what size kidney stones are unable to pass on their own and require surgical excision?
>10 mm
53
what level of Troponin is considered abnormal?
>0.10
54
how often do you check Troponins?
0,3,6 hours after arrival at ED
55
how does hyperkalemia affect the EKG?
tall T waves
56
Glascow Coma Score of ____ means unresponsive?
<3 4-8 comatose 15 is best response
57
what is the most common primary and secondary causes of hyperparathyroidism
Primary - benign adenocarcinoma | Secondary - chronic kidney disease

Primary Care (1 decks)

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